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Exam- BIOL 1108 Exam 2 Study Guide|163 Questions with Complete Solutions $18.49   Add to cart

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Exam- BIOL 1108 Exam 2 Study Guide|163 Questions with Complete Solutions

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Exam- BIOL 1108 Exam 2 Study Guide|163 Questions with Complete Solutions

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  • September 11, 2024
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  • BIOL 1108
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Exam- BIOL 1108 Exam 2 Study Guide|163 Questions
with Complete Solutions

With infinite abundance of water in the atmosphere, how do you expect the stomata to

respond? With little CO2 in the atmosphere, how do you expect the stomata to respond?

CORRECT ANS-With abundance of water, the plant does not have to worry about water

loss; therefore, the stomata opens for CO2. In absence of CO2, the stomata stay open to

photosynthesize, but loses water as a result.




What were the obstacles of moving to land for plants? CORRECT ANS-Gravity,

reproduction, UV radiation (sunlight), water loss, circulation, and gas exchange.




What structure is involved with controlling water loss and gas exchange? What factors

influence the state of this structure? CORRECT ANS-Stomata. The environmental

conditions influence whether or not the stomata opens, for example, in presence of

abundant/absence water or CO2 conditions.




For each phyla, which stage of life do they spend the most time? What are the advantages

and disadvantages of either stage? CORRECT ANS-Haploid = moss (gametophyte stage), all

others = diploid (sporophyte stage). **Haploid (one chromosome) if mutated, diploid

provides a "backup" chromosome

, Exam- BIOL 1108 Exam 2 Study Guide|163 Questions
with Complete Solutions

How do plants distribute nutrients and water? In what direction? What challenge(s) from

moving to land does this adaptation address? CORRECT ANS-Xylem carries water up from

roots to leaves (adhesion and cohesion). Phloem carries nutrients and hormones up and

down (osmosis).




How does variation occur during plant reproduction? CORRECT ANS-***Seed dispersal and

pollen.




What is the significance of energy-tradeoffs in the grand scheme of evolution? CORRECT

ANS-Energy trade-offs—>can't have perfect evolutionary being




What are the two main parts of a seed, and which part correlates most with the seed size?

CORRECT ANS-Cotyledon for food storage and seed coat for seed protection; size of

cotyledon correlates with seed size




What is the relationship between seed size and survivorship? Seed size and number of seeds,

Seed size and dispersal? Explain each. CORRECT ANS-Seed size directly correlates with

survivorship because it means there is more energy allocated to the cotyledon for the seeds

, Exam- BIOL 1108 Exam 2 Study Guide|163 Questions
with Complete Solutions

survival. Seed size has inverse relationship with number of seeds because there is a limited

amount of energy the plant can allocate for seeds, so you can't produce as many seeds if they

are bigger. Seed size is inversely related to seed dispersal because it's harder to move larger

items (ex. Wind dispersal is way harder for a heavier seed).




How do plants evolve to attract pollinators? CORRECT ANS-Nectar and bright colors




What is the difference between seeds and spores? CORRECT ANS-Seeds are zygotes,

resulting from fertilization (2N), whereas spores are products of sporophyte and are haploid

(1N),




What are the energy tradeoffs of producing larger seeds vs smaller seeds? Try drawing the

graph to have a visual depiction to help you remember. CORRECT ANS-Larger seeds cannot

travel as far and cost more energy meaning less seeds produced. But they have a larger food

storage and greater protection (increased survival). Plants can produce many more small

seeds because they require less energy expenditure per seed which can travel farther

distances. However, this means they have a poorer survival rate because they require specific

environmental conditions to grow.

, Exam- BIOL 1108 Exam 2 Study Guide|163 Questions
with Complete Solutions

Know examples of adaptations that plants may have undergone to move onto land

CORRECT ANS-Vascular tissue, alternation of generations, stomata, etc.




The Cambrian explosion occured _____ MYA and resulted in a sudden increase in

_______________. CORRECT ANS-530, marine animal life




What caused most of the mass extinction events? CORRECT ANS-"Rapid" climate change

which altered




Which extinction event resulted in 95% of species lost? CORRECT ANS-Permian extinction




Compare and contrast challenges that plants and tetrapods faced by moving onto land

CORRECT ANS-Similar challenges such as gas exchange, water, gravity, reproduction, but

different adaptations to meet these challenges. For example, plants developed stomata for

gas exchange, whereas tetrapods developed lungs




Tiktaalik and Acanthestega are two examples of transitional species between ______ and

_______. CORRECT ANS-Fish and amphibians

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