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NUR 376 Exam 2 Module 4 Questions With Complete Solutions
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NUR 376 Exam 2 Module 4 Questions With Complete Solutions
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NUR 376 Exam 2 Module 4 Questions WithComplete Solutions
All functioning alveoli should have adequate what? Correct
Answers Perfusion
Among intubated and mechanically ventilated patients, the
development of HAP is specifically called what? Correct
Answers ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP)
Bronchoconstriction diminishes what? Correct Answers
Ventilation
Bronchodilation allows what? Correct Answers Enhanced
filling of the lungs with oxygen
In patients with HIV or AIDS, which bacteria usually causes
pneumonia? Correct Answers Pneumocystis jirovecii. This
kind of pneumonia is often referred to as PCP.
In patients with long-term severe COPD, breathing is stimulated
by what? Correct Answers Low O2 levels in the blood.
Verusus high CO2 levels like in healthy people.
In spinal cord injuries affecting C4 and above, what do patients
typically need? Correct Answers Rescue breathing or
mechanical ventilation support.
On inspiration, lungs expand and increase their total volume. On
expiration, the lungs recoil based on their elasticity. The change
,in lung volume during this process is described as what?
Correct Answers Compliance.
The bronchi and bronchioles are laced with what? What are they
controlled by? Correct Answers Smooth Muscle. They are
controlled by the autonomic nervous system.
The bronchioles also have the ability to what? Correct Answers
Dilate and Constrict
The lungs are sponge-like organs that have the unique property
of compliance-what is it? Correct Answers The flexibility to
expand and contract.
What are clinical manifestations of asthma? Correct Answers
Asthma is characterized by wheezing, cough, dyspnea, and chest
tightness. Severe attacks are accompanied by use of accessory
muscles, distant breath sounds, and diaphoresis. If related to
allergies, signs of chronic rhinitis may be present, including
nasal edema, nasal polyps, rhinorrhea, and oropharyngeal
erythema
What are laryngitis and tracheitis, what are the S&S and how do
you treat it? Correct Answers Inflammation of the larynx and
trachea. Typically caused by a virus, although bacteria like
Haemophilus influenza can also cause both. In laryngitis, an
irritating high-pitched cough may be present. Tracheal
involvement can produce a raspy cough or stridor. Eventually
sputum will be produced in response to chronic irritation.
Airways may also narrow, making it difficult to breathe. There
is no specific treatment for viral laryngitis other than resting the
, voice, and managing symptoms. If the infection is bacterial
antibiotics may be required. Bronchodilator medications are
useful if the airways have narrowed and wheezing is present.
Tracheitis can involve epiglottis; if so, it can become a medical
emergency.
What are some characteristic signs of pneumonia? Correct
Answers Cough, crackles, and fever. Though in order adults
hypothermia may be present instead of a fever.
What are some risk factors for pneumonia? Correct Answers
Influenza, asthma, or COPD increase susceptibility to this
disease. Social habits like smoking and drinking can also
increase the risk.
What are the clinical manifestations of coal worker's
pneumoconiosis? Correct Answers Cough with gray sputum,
wheezes, and dyspnea on exertion
What are the clinical manifestations of COPD? Correct
Answers Dyspnea is usually the first symptom, initially
occurring with heavy exertion. As the disease progresses,
dyspnea becomes increasingly worse with less and less vigorous
exertion. Cough or wheezing may be a chief complaint. The
cough may be productive, and sputum should be expectorated
for culture.
What are the clinical manifestations of hypersensitivity
pneumonitis? Correct Answers Acute attacks of dyspnea,
cough, fever, and an elevated WBC count
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