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Summary Ultimate AP Environmental Science Review 2024
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Ultimate AP Environmental Science Review 2024
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Ultimate AP Environmental Science Review2024
sustainable society - one that preserves natural capital and lives off its income
doubling time - 70/percentage growth rate
gross domestic product - the annual market value of all goods and services
produced by all firms and domestic, operating within a country (the most
commonly used measure of the economic growth of a country)
developed countries - high life expectancy, food production
low infant mortality, pollution, poverty
developing countries - low life expectancy, good production
high infant mortality, pollution, poverty
sustainable yield - highest rate at which a renewable resource can be used
indefinitely without reducing its available supply
environmental degradation - process where we exceed a renewable resource's
natural replacement rate and the available supply begins to shrink
,Ultimate AP Environmental Science Review
2024
economically depleted - when costs of extracting and using resources exceeds its
economic value
point source pollution - when pollutants are single, identifiable sources
nonpoint source pollution - dispersed and often difficult to identify
planetary management - most important and dominant species (humans) can and
should manage for own benefit
environmental wisdom/stewardship - nature doesn't exist just for us
age of earth - 4.6 billion years ago
John Muir - founded the Sierra club, also proposed and lobbied for the creation of
a national park system
Theodore Roosevelt - established first federal wildlife refuge
,Ultimate AP Environmental Science Review
2024
Franklin Roosevelt - lead the country out of depression while restarting past
environmental degradation (CCC)
Rachel Carson - wrote Silent Spring about the hazards of pesticides like DDT
Nixon - established the Environmental Protection Agency and the Endangered
Species Act
Carter - established Superfunds
positive feedback vs negative feedback - positive is change in same direction while
negative causes the system to change direction
time delay - allows a problem to build slowly until it reaches a threshold level and
causes a fundamental shift in the behavior of a system
synergy - two or more processes interaction so their combined effect is greater
than their separate effects
, Ultimate AP Environmental Science Review
2024
energy - capacity to do work and transfer heat
kinetic energy - due to mass and velocity
potential energy - stored and potentially available for use
ionizing radiation - has enough energy to knock electrons from atoms and change
them to positively charged ions
nonionizing radiation - do not contain enough energy to form ions
first law of thermodynamics - energy is neither created nor destroyed, only
changes form
second law of thermodynamics - in every transformation, some energy is
converted to heat, you cant break even in terms of quality (entropy increases)
three zones of the earth - core, mantle, crust
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