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NURS 172 Exam 3 Practice Questions With Complete Solutions
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NURS 172 Exam 3 Practice Questions With Complete Solutions
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NURS 172 Exam 3 Practice QuestionsWith Complete Solutions
A 40-year old patient is surprised to learn of the diagnosis of
type 1 diabetes mellitus. What is the nurse's best response?
1. "It is odd because it is usually a disease of childhood."2. "It
means that something has destroyed your pancreas."
3. "Type 1 diabetes mellitus can occur at any stage of life." 4. "It
usually means that another disease process is present." Correct
Answers 3:
1. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) can occur at any stage of life.
2. The pancreas is not destroyed in type 1 DM; the beta cells are
secreting insufficient insulin to control serum glucose. Once
beta-cell destruction has progressed to the point of total insulin
deficiency, patients with type 1 diabetes require externally
delivered insulin (provided via a pump or injection) for the
remainder of their lives.
3. Type 1 diabetes can occur at any stage of life.
4. Type 1 diabetes does not mean that another disease process is
present or occurring in the patient.
A 60-year-old patient asks why endocrine testing is being done.
Which is the best response for the nurse to make?
1. "Endocrine organs atrophy with aging."
2. "Endocrine function can change throughout the lifespan."
3. "Endocrine function should remain the same through the
lifespan."
4. "Endocrine testing identifies which hormone replacement
therapy you will need." Correct Answers 2:
1. Not all endocrine organs atrophy with aging.
,2. Changes in endocrine function are associated with aging, and
early detection and treatment can minimize long-term
consequences.
3. Endocrine function does not necessarily stay the same through
the lifespan.
4. The use of hormone replacement therapy is not always
indicated.
A nurse is reviewing orders for patients newly diagnosed with
type 2 DM. What initial medications orders should be
anticipated?
A. Metformin PO twice a day
B. Nutritional insulin subcutaneously prior to meals
C. Basal insulin subcutaneously before bed
D. Correctional insulin subcutaneously after meals Correct
Answers A.
A nursing instructor is teaching a group of student nurses about
the risk factors related to prostate cancer and includes which
statements?
1. "African American men are at lowest risk for prostate
cancer."
2. "Asian American and Native American men have the highest
risk for developing
prostate cancer."
3. "Approximately 81% of males are diagnosed with localized
prostate cancer."
4. "A diet low in dairy increases a man's risk for developing
prostate cancer." Correct Answers 3:
,1. African Americans have the highest incidence of prostate
cancer in the United States and the world, with rates greater than
60% higher than those seen in Caucasians.
2. Asian American and Native American men have the lowest
risk for prostate cancer.
3. Approximately 81% of males are diagnosed with localized
prostate cancer, with a smaller percent having regional or
metastasized cancer.
4. A diet high in dairy increases a man's risk for developing
prostate cancer.
A patient experiencing diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is receiving
a normal saline infusion and intravenous insulin. What
additional medication does the nurse expect to be prescribed for
this patient?
1. Diuretic
2. Calcium
3. Antibiotic
4. Potassium Correct Answers 4:
1. The patient will not need a diuretic because of osmotic
diuresis occurring with the diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
2. There is no need to supplement calcium in the patient with
DKA.
3. Antibiotics are not routinely prescribed in the treatment of
DKA.
4. Care must be taken to monitor potassium levels before
treating the hyperglycemia with insulin. As insulin is
administered to decrease hyperglycemia, potassium will also
move back into the cell, worsening hypokalemia. If hypokalemia
is present, potassium replacement is a priority.
, A patient has not eaten for 18 hours because of diagnostic
testing. Which pancreatic hormone is maintaining this patient's
blood glucose level?
1. Insulin
2. Cortisol
3. Glucagon
4. Epinephrine Correct Answers 3:
1. Insulin is released from the pancreatic beta cells in response
to elevated blood glucose levels.
2. Cortisol is an adrenal cortex hormone.
3. In response to low blood glucose levels, the hormone
glucagon is released from the pancreatic alpha cells. Glucagon
stimulates production and release of glucose from glycogen
stores in the liver, leading to increased blood glucose levels.
4. Epinephrine is an adrenal medulla hormone.
A patient is being evaluated for elevated levels of antidiuretic
hormone (ADH). The nurse correlates which patient data as a
cause of ADH secretion? Select all that apply.
1. Dehydration
2. Pulse rate 66
3. Blood pressure 88/50
4. Serum osmolality 300 mOsm/kg 5. Serum blood glucose 215
g/dL Correct Answers 1,3,4:
1. This is correct. Antidiuretic hormone is secreted in response
to decreased blood pressure, dehydration, and increased serum
osmolality and works by increasing water reabsorption in the
kidneys.
2. This is incorrect. Antidiuretic hormone is not secreted in
response to a decreased heart rate. It is secreted in response to
dehydration, which typically leads to an increased pulse rate.
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