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Epidemiology MCQQUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES|ALREADY GRADED A+
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Epidemiology MCQQUESTIONS AND CORRECTDETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES|ALREADY
GRADED A+
6. Which type of bias were the researchers aiming to minimize by placing restrictions on
the age and sex of patients recruited into the study?
a) Selection bias
b) Confounding
c) Observer bias
d) Measurement error
e) Non-response bias - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..b
A case-control study was conducted to determine whether being exposed to second
hand smoke increased the risk of cats developing primary lung cancer. Which of the
following measures of association should we calculate?
a) Prevalence risk ratio
b) Odds ratio
c) Incidence risk ratio
d) Incidence rate ratio - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..b
A case-control study was conducted to identify risk factors for obesity in domestic cats.
The odds of being obese were found to be 2.21 times greater (95% CI: 1.45 to 3.64) for
neutered cats than for intact cats. Which ONE (1) of the following statements is TRUE?
a. Neutering causes cats to become obese.
b. Neutering is significantly associated with obesity in cats.
c. Neutering protects against obesity in cats.
d. There is no significant association between neutering and obesity in cats.
e. The odds ratio is not an appropriate measure of effect for case-control
studies. - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..b
A new treatment has been developed for chronic respiratory disease in cats that does
not prevent disease, but allows cats to recover faster. Which of the following would we
expect to see if we conducted a descriptive study after the treatment was introduced?
a) Prevalence will increase.
, b) Incidence will increase.
c) There will be no change in prevalence or incidence.
d) Prevalence will decrease.
e) Incidence will decrease. - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..d
A new treatment is developed for heart failure in dogs that prevents death, but does not
produce recovery from disease. Which of the following would we expect to see if we
conducted a descriptive study after the treatment was introduced?
a) Prevalence will increase.
b) Incidence will increase.
c) There will be no change in prevalence or incidence.
d) Prevalence will decrease.
e) Incidence will decrease. - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..c
A prospective cohort study was used to investigate the effect of feeding frequency on
the risk of gastrointestinal disease in weaned pigs. The incidence of diarrhoea in
weaned pigs fed ad-libitum was found to be 1.83 times greater than for weaned pigs fed
in three structured meals per day (95% CI: 0.65 to 3.01). Which ONE (1) of the following
statements is TRUE?
a. Feeding ad libitum causes gastrointestinal disease in weaned pigs.
b. Feeding ad libitum is significantly associated with gastrointestinal disease
in pigs.
c. Feeding three structured meals protects against gastrointestinal disease in
weaned pigs.
d. There is no significant association between feeding frequency and
gastrointestinal disease in weaned pigs.
e. The incidence risk ratio is not an appropriate measure of effect for cohort
studies. - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..d
A prospective cohort study was used to investigate the effect of lysine dietary
supplements on the risk of shelter cats developing an upper respiratory infection (URI).
The incidence of upper respiratory infections in cats fed lysine was 0.85 times less than
for cats that did not receive lysine supplementation (95% CI: 0.54 to 1.64). Which of the
following statements is TRUE?
a) There is no significant association between feeding lysine and an upper respiratory
infection in cats.
b) Feeding lysine protects against upper respiratory infections in cats.
c) The incidence risk ratio is not an appropriate measure of association for
cohort studies.
d) Feeding lysine is associated with an increased risk of upper respiratory
infection.
e) A cross-sectional survey would provide stronger evidence of a causal
relationship between lysine supplementation and upper respiratory infection. -
✔✔ANSW✔✔..a
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