pharmacology
study of all compounds that interact with the body
pharmacodynamics
what a drug does to the body. Includes the molecular mechanisms by which a drug acts
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pharmacology - ANSWER- study of all compounds that interact with the body
pharmacodynamics - ANSWER- what a drug does to the body. Includes the
molecular mechanisms by which a drug acts
pharmacokinetics - ANSWER- what the body does to a drug. Usually depends on
the concentration at the site of action
pharmacogenetics - ANSWER- responses to a drug as a consequence of genetic
differences between individuals
EC50 - ANSWER- Half maximal effective concentration. induces a response
halfway between the baseline and maximum after a specified exposure time. It is
commonly used as a measure of drug's potency.
LD 50 - ANSWER- amount of an ingested substance that kills 50 percent of a test
sample
phase 1 of biotransformation - ANSWER- makes drug slightly less hydrophobic
phase 2 of biotransformation - ANSWER- makes drug very hydrophillic
drug - ANSWER- any agent that affects the living process, including chemicals
that mimic or antagonize endogenous
dose - ANSWER- amount of medication administered at single time (effects
toxicity)
response - ANSWER- effect of a drug on the body, including both intended and
unintended effects
, therapeutic response - ANSWER- the desired effect
adverse effect - ANSWER- side effects
toxic response - ANSWER- any harmful repsonse
idiosyncratic response - ANSWER- individual hypersensitivity; happens on first
dose
atropa belladona - ANSWER- dilates pupils
important that drug came from plant
Law of Mass Action - ANSWER- D + R <-- --> DR;
increasing the amount drug will cause greater amounts of drug receptor
complexes to formed
the DR complex exerts the therapeutic response
saturability - ANSWER- a limited amount of receptors mediate the actions of a
drug
reversbility - ANSWER- drugs bind to but then dissociate from their specific
receptor
stereospecificity - ANSWER- most drugs are asymmetric (chiral or optically
active); one stereoisomers binds with much greater affinity to the specific
receptor
Agonist - ANSWER- a drug that binds to a receptor and mimics the effect of the
endogenous ligand
DR produces the physiologic response
antagonist - ANSWER- a drug that binds to a receptor but does not produce an
effect comparable to the endogenous ligand
DR has no activity
affinity - ANSWER- characterizes the binding strength of the drug for receptor
intrinsic acitivty - ANSWER- ability of the DR complex to initate the response
agonist
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