Weber's law relationship - answer✔✔linear relationship between incremental threshold and
background intensity (I versus delta I is constant)
absolute threshold of sensation - answer✔✔min. intensity needed to detect particular stimulus
50% of the time
utricle and saccule - answer✔✔linear acceleration and head positioning
signal detection theory - answer✔✔looks at how we make decisions under conditions of
uncertainty, discerning between important stimuli and unimportant noise
Pragnanz - answer✔✔reality often reduced to simplest form possible
fovea - answer✔✔part of retina, completely full of cones, no rods
electromagnetic spectrum - answer✔✔violet (400nm) to red (700nm)
cones - answer✔✔red, green, or blue types, 7 million
parallel processing - answer✔✔simultaneous processing of incoming stimuli that differs in
quality
cochlea - answer✔✔at base- activiated by HIGH frequency (1600 Hz)
at apex - activated by low frequency sounds (25Hz)
tonotypical mapping - answer✔✔Brain can distinguish between different frequencies of sound
because certain hair cells only activate at certain frequencies
Freud and dreams - answer✔✔dreams are unconscious thoughts, desires that need to be
interpreted
1) manifest content = what happens (monster chasing you)
2) latent content = what is hidden meaning (job pushing you out)
- can help resolve/identify hidden conflict
evolutioanry biology and dreams - answer✔✔threat simulation, to prepare for real world;
problem solving; no purpose
sleep deprivation - answer✔✔-more susceptible to obesity (body makes more cortisol and
hunger hormone)
-increase risk for depression
cognitive behavioral therapy - answer✔✔addresses cognitive and behavioral components of
addiction; recognize problematic situations and develop more positive thought patterns and
coping strategies, and monitor cravings
motivational interviewing - answer✔✔working with patient to find intrinsic motivation to
change
cocktail party effect - answer✔✔ability to concentrate on one voice among a crowd
inattentional blindness - answer✔✔we aren't aware of things not in our visual field when our
attention is directed elsewhere in that field
change blindness - answer✔✔fail to notice changes in environment
Broadbent's Early Selection Theory - answer✔✔all info in environment goes into sensory
register, then gets transferred to selective filter right away, which filters out stuff in unattended
ear; finally perceptual processes identifies friend's voice and assigns meaning to words
Deutch and Deutch's Late selection theory - answer✔✔broadband selective filter after perceptual
processes, selective filter decides what you pass on to concious awareness
Treisman's attenuation theory - answer✔✔have an attenuator, which weakens but does not
eliminate input from unattended ear
spotlight model of attention - answer✔✔selective attention - takes info from 5 senses, but don't
pay attention to everything
-aware of things on unconscious level
resource model of attention - answer✔✔we have limited resources in attention
information processing model - answer✔✔proposes our brains are similar to computers. we get
input from environment, process it, and output decisions
working memory - answer✔✔what you think about in at the moment
magic number 7 - answer✔✔can hold 7 +/- 2 pieces of info at a time; explains serial position
effect (primacy and recency effect)
dual coding hypothesis - answer✔✔it is easier to remember words associated with images than
either one alone
explicit memory (declarative) - answer✔✔facts/events
-episodic and semantic
encoding - answer✔✔transferring sensory info. into memory
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