RESEARCH METHODS MIDTERM - MCPHS SPRING 2024. Exam Questions With Correct Answers
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Course
MCPHS
Institution
MCPHS
RESEARCH METHODS MIDTERM -
MCPHS SPRING 2024. Exam Questions
With Correct Answers.
Dichotomous measure - answerdescribes the presence or absence of an attribute (ex
smoker/non-smoker)
nominal data - answercategories that vary with no natural order (ex blood types)
ordinal data - answercategor...
empirical rule - answer✔✔gives approximate percentage of values that fall within plus or minus
1(68), 2(95) and 3(99.7) standard deviations
standard error of the mean - answer✔✔the standard deviation of the sampling distribution of
sample means
confidence interval - answer✔✔the range of values within which a population parameter is
estimated to lie
null hypothesis (H0) - answer✔✔the statistical hypothesis tested by the statistical procedure;
usually a hypothesis of no difference or no relationship
p value - answer✔✔the probability level which forms basis for deciding if results are statistically
significant
parameters - answer✔✔true values that are constant
statistics - answer✔✔parameter estimates that are variable
how do you identify if a value is an outlier? - answer✔✔if it falls more than 1.5 x IQR above Q3
or below Q1
What P value defines statistical significance? - answer✔✔P < 0.05
type I error - answer✔✔false positive; alpha
type II error - answer✔✔false negative
power - answer✔✔the ability of a study to reject Ho when Ho is false; 1 - beta
what 4 variables can be derived using the power calculation? (given 3 of 4 variables) -
answer✔✔alpha, power (1 - beta), sample size and effect size
how does effect size influence n? - answer✔✔higher ES = lower n; lower ES = higher n
how does alpha affect n? - answer✔✔lower alpha = higher n; higher alpha = lower n
how does power affect n? - answer✔✔higher power = higher n; lower power = lower n
clinical significance - answer✔✔degree to which research findings have useful and meaningful
applications to real problems; independent of statistical significance
what kind of variables does T-test use? - answer✔✔X = 1 categorical (2 groups)
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