Life Science 15 Phelan Exam Study Guide with Complete Solutions
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Course
LS15
Institution
University Of California - Los Angeles
Life Science 15 Phelan Exam Study
Guide with Complete Solutions
evolution - Answer️️ -a change in allele frequencies over time
allele - Answer️️ -one variant of a gene
gene - Answer️️ -section of DNA instructing how to produce a trait
natural selection - Answer️️ -variation, he...
sexual selection - Answer✔️✔️-traits that are more desirable to the opposite
sex are selected for. trade-offs
norm of reaction - Answer✔️✔️-relationship between nature and nurture in
producing phenotypes, one genotype producing multiple phenotypes in
different environments
mendel - Answer✔️✔️-inheritance of pea plants
homologous pair - Answer✔️✔️-two versions of the same gene (one from
father, one from mother)
karyotype - Answer✔️✔️-picture of all chromosomes in a cell
mendels' law of segregation - Answer✔️✔️-a gamete receives only one allele
from the pair of alleles possessed by an organism
law of independent assortment - Answer✔️✔️-the allele you pass for one
trait has no effect on which you pass for another trait
test cross - Answer✔️✔️-a cross between an organism whose genotype for a
certain trait is unknown and an organism that is homozygous recessive for
that trait so the unknown genotype can be determined from that of the
offspring
methods of sex determination - Answer✔️✔️-male/female heterogamety,
ploidy, incubation temperature
why does kindness occur? - Answer✔️✔️-shared genes/kin selection,
reciprocal altruism
two ways to increase a gene's market share - Answer✔️✔️-direct and indirect
fitness make an allele more prevalent in a population
hamilton's rule - Answer✔️✔️-evolution to favor a behavior, the cost to the
giver must be less than the benefit X the coefficient of relatedness
methods of kin recognition - Answer✔️✔️-spacial association, social
association, phenotype matching
ploidy - Answer✔️✔️-# referring to # of chromosome sets present in a cell.
haploid (gametes) =23, diploid (all others) =46
codominance - Answer✔️✔️-A condition in which both alleles for a gene are
fully expressed
what conditions are conducive to reciprocal altruism? - Answer✔️✔️-
repeated interactions, high benefit to recipient relative to the cost, ability to
punish cheaters
ways of enhancing cooperation - Answer✔️✔️-tinkering with perceived costs
and benefits, distinguish cheaters and kind people, reduce perceived
vulnerability of partners (that they won't get paid back)
altruism - Answer✔️✔️-apparently selfless behaviors for the welfare of
others or oneself
mitosis - Answer✔️✔️-all genetic material from a diploid cell is duplicated
meiosis - Answer✔️✔️-all genetic material from a haploid cell is copied and
forms new gametes
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