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Exam (elaborations)

NBME Anatomy Shelf Questions and Correct Answer

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  • NAVLE
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  • NAVLE

NBME Anatomy Shelf Questions and Correct AnswerNBME Anatomy Shelf Questions and Correct AnswerNBME Anatomy Shelf Questions and Correct AnswerNBME Anatomy Shelf Questions and Correct AnswerNBME Anatomy Shelf Questions and Correct AnswerNBME Anatomy Shelf Questions and Correct AnswerNBME ...

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  • August 23, 2024
  • 124
  • 2024/2025
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  • NAVLE
  • NAVLE
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Elscores 8/18/2024 6:16:34 PM
NAVLE Questions and Correct Answer
Xylitol toxicity

~: - rapid release of insulin = monitor for HYPOGLYCEMIA




- high ALT = SAME, ursodiol, N-acetylcysteine, milk thistle




Bleach toxicity

~: - dilute stomach w/ MILK




- DO NOT induce emesis




- GI protectants




Black widow spiders

~: - latrodectus mactans, L. Hesperus




- ACh is the toxin that binds to Ca channels = ascending motor paralysis and destruction of

peripheral nerves




- signs = recumbent, vocalizing, pain, rigidity w/ muscle spasms

, Elscores 8/18/2024 6:16:34 PM
- death from resp/cardio failure




Warfarin toxicity

~: - ANTICOAGULANT = clotting factors II, VII, IX, X




- signs = 12-16 hrs, slowly developing; PT prolonged soonest after ingestion




- give vit. K1 for 3-4 wks (if chronic give plasma too) = do NOT give vit. K1 to horses

(nephrotoxic; only plasma)




- most common site of hemorrhage = thoracic cavity




- spontaneous bleeding below 45 (or 25K) platelets




- platelets < 10,000 = IMTP, DIC




- diagnosis = PIVKA




Brodifacoum toxicity

~: - D-con rodenticide

, Elscores 8/18/2024 6:16:34 PM
- inhibits epoxide reductase (loss of Vit. K)




- give vit. K and monitor PT




Bromethalin toxicity

~: - seizures




- low dose = paralysis




- high dose = convulsions




Cholecalciferol toxicity

~: - converted to active Vit. D = increased resorption of calcium and gut absorption




- can lead to fatal hypercalcemia + hyperphosphatemia = tissue mineralization




- tx = phosphate binders (aluminum hydroxide, bisphosphonates, fluids (NaCl)),

prednisone/prednisolone (decrease osteoclastic activity)




- DO NOT give sulfa drugs = potentiate toxicity

, Elscores 8/18/2024 6:16:34 PM
- human Vit. D supplements are high in Ca and P!




Strychnine toxicity

~: tetanic seizures




Zinc oxide

~: - gas




- decontaminate = don't breathe in!




Ethylene glycol

~: - always isosthenuric in stage 1/2 = ethanol (osmotic diuretic)




- crystals don't tell you about stage = present all the time




- stage 1 = ethanol, acidosis (CNS depression, V/D, ataxia, severe metabolic acidosis)




- stage 2 = less depression, still acidotic, tachypnea




- stage 3 = azotemia, casts, protein in urine --> treat renal dz

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