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USABO Exam Questions and Answers
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USABO Exam Questions and Answers
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USABO Exam Questions and AnswersOxidized, reduced, phosphorylated in oxidative phosphorylation - Answer -NADH
FADH2
O2
ADP
Transmembrane domain alpha helix polarity - Answer -nonpolar polar alternating
polarity of amino acids - Answer -
electron transport chain - Answer -
Sign stimulus - Answer -External sensory stimulus that triggers a fixed action pattern.
Bobbing dewlap lizards - Answer -signal
Direction of food based on waggle dance - Answer -angle of which bee waggles based
on vertical
Distance of food based on waggle dance - Answer -Corresponds with length of waggle
dance
Round dance - Answer -Among honeybees, signals food sources close to hive but gives
no direction unlike waggle dance
Guides for direction birds go when migrating - Answer -Stars in night sky
Sun during day
Magnetic field of earth
Proximate cause - Answer -Genetic instructions leading to development of traits or
behaviors
Nervous system response to stimuli
Functions and processes within an organism's body
Factors affecting organism during growth
Ultimate cause - Answer -The reasons why, over many years of evolution, a particular
trait or behavior helped members of a population to survive and reproduce.
, Failure of using sandhill cranes to foster endangered whooping cranes - Answer -foster
whooping cranes could not form mating pair bond with another whooping crane
Ornamental/large males - Answer -polygamous species
Agonistic behavior - Answer -Behavior related to fighting, not necessarily physical
Search scavenging - Answer -scavenging
Optimal foraging - Answer -High energy intake to expenditure ratio, behaviors/strategies
tuned through evolution to increase net energy gain
Optimal foraging examples - Answer -Moose spend more time looking for food when
food is high quality, strategy that maximizes net energy gain per unit of time spent
foraging
Implications of sexual dimorphism - Answer -Multiple mates
Sexual selection
Role differentiation in parental care
Sexual competition
Indicator of health
game theory - Answer -Best phenotype/behavior of an individual depends on the
phenotype/behavior of others
throat color of males in population of side-blotches lizards - Answer -rock paper scissors
dynamic
fru gene fruit flies - Answer -Master reg gene directing expression of many other genes
Can be genetically manipulated in females to perform male sex behaviors
Programs males for appropriate courtship behaviors
Pair bonding in prarie voles can be prevented by - Answer -inhibiting brain receptor for
vasopresin in CNS of males
Genetic basis for most behavioral traits - Answer -many genes code for one behavior
Hamilton's rule - Answer -when C < r x B
C = cost to the altruistic party
r = genetic relatedness
B = fitness benefit to recipient of altruism
Connective tissues - Answer -Relatively few cells and large amount of ECM
Why is blood connective tissue - Answer -cells separated from each other by ECM
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