PLTW - Medical Interventions Final Exam Study Guide.pdf file:///C:/Users/HP/Desktop/NIW/PLTW%20-%20Medical%20Interve
PLTW - Medical Interventions Final Exam Study
Guide
1. What is a medical intervention?
ANS Any measure whose purpose is to improvehealth or alter the course of a disease
2. What are the main categories of interventions that function to maintainhuman
health?
ANS Treatments, Diagnostics and Equipment
3. How do scientists gather evidence during the potential outbreak of an infectious
disease?
ANS 1. Record patient's symptoms and find similarities with otherpatients
2. Isolate the bacteria in a lab
3. Go to affected areas and determine the origin of the disease
4. Identify the disease using DNA sequencing since pathogens alter certain DNAsequences
4. What is bioinformatics?
ANS The collection, classification, storage, and analysisof biochemical and biological
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,PLTW - Medical Interventions Final Exam Study Guide.pdf file:///C:/Users/HP/Desktop/NIW/PLTW%20-%20Medical%20Interve
information using computers. (Especially applied inmolecular genetics and genomics)
5. How can DNA sequences be used to identify disease pathogens?
ANS You canobserve mutations and abnormalities that disease pathogens have
6. What is an antibody?
ANS A blood protein in the body produced by B-cells (B-Lym-phocytes) that fight against a
foreign substance by recognizing a specific part of it.
7. How do antibodies identify and inactivate antigens?
ANS 1. Shape recognition
2. Proteins of the antigens are configured to specific antibodies, so the foreignantigens
bind to the specific antibodies that inactivate them
8. How can the ELISA assay be used to detect disease?
ANS 1. Primary antibodiesattach to specific antigen
2. Secondary antibody attaches to primary antibody
3. When enzyme substrate is added, color change occurs
9. Why is it important for doctors to know the concentration of the disease antigen
present in a patient's system?
ANS Higher concentration = closer to patientzero
10. Patient Zero
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ANS The first person to be infected with a particular disease
11. What steps do scientists take to diagnose, treat, and prevent future spreadof a disease
outbreak?
ANS 1. Record the symptoms
2. Locate the origin of the pathogen
3. Run tests to determine antibodies and antigens
4. Take preventative measures (quarantine, wash hands often, etc.)
12. How were the following used in managing the outbreak on Sue Smith'scampus
ANS
PCR, Bioinformatics/BLAST, and ELISA?
ANS These tests determine the concentra-tion of the disease, which lead to the source of the
outbreak
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