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MN551 FINAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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MN551 FINAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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MN551 FINAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERSA 32-year-old man is complaining of burning, itching, photophobia, and severe pain in
his right eye after swimming in the ocean. To determine that the eye condition is corneal
rather than a conjunctival disease, which of the following would be the distinguishing
symptom?
A.) Burning
B.) Itching
c.) photophobia
D.) Severe pain - Answers -Severe pain
A woman with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes has been ordered by her primary care
provider to have a hemoglobin A1C test for the first time. The woman states, "I don't see
why you want to test my blood cells when it's sugar that's the problem." What aspect of
physiology will underlie the care provider's response to the patient?
A.)The amount of glucose attached to A1C cells reflects the average blood glucose
levels over the life of the cell.
B)Hemoglobin synthesis by the bone marrow is inversely proportionate to blood glucose
levels, with low A1C indicating hyperglycemia.
C)The high metabolic needs of red cells and their affinity for free glucose indicate the
amount of glucose that has been available over 6 to 12 weeks.
D)Insulin is a glucose receptor agonist on the hemoglobin molecule, and high glucose
suggests low insulin levels. - Answers -The amount of glucose attached to A1C cells
reflects the average blood glucose levels over the life of the cell.
A 30 year old man with a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes is aware of the multiple effects
that insulin has on his metabolism. Which of the following physiological processes are
actions of insulin? - Answers -Facilitating triglycerides from glucose in fat cells
A three-year-old girl has just been diagnosed with type 1A diabetes and her parents are
currently receiving education from the diabetes education nurse at the hospital where
their daughter is receiving treatment. How can the nurse best explain the etiology of
their daughter's health problem to her parents?
A.) Environmental and lifestyle factors are known to play a part in the fact that her
pancreas secretes and withholds insulin at the wrong times."
,B.) "This tendency to produce insufficient amounts of insulin is likely something that she
inherited."
C.) "It's not known exactly why your daughter has completely stopped making insulin,
and treatment will consist of your rigidly controlling her diet."
D.) "The problem that underlies her diabetes is that her own body has destroyed the
cells in herpancreas that produce insulin - Answers -"The problem that underlies her
diabetes is that her own body has destroyed the cells in her pancreas that produce
insulin."
A patient with a new diagnosis of an endocrine disorder is unclear about how the body
can control the levels of different hormones over time. Which of the following statements
most accurately underlies the dominant regulation process of hormone levels in the
body?
Question 8 options:
The pituitary gland is genetically programmed to stimulate and inhibit hormone
production and/or release based on needs at different points in the life cycle.
The hypothalamus ensures that hormone levels correspond accurately to the diurnal
cycle.
With input from various sensors, hormone production and release are adjusted based
on existing hormone levels.
A positive feedback cycle ensures that stable levels of hormones exist in the body over
time. - Answers -With input from various sensors, hormone production and release are
adjusted based on existing hormone levels.
A care aide at a long-term care facility has informed a resident's nurse practitioner that
the 80-year-old woman's eyes appear to be inflamed and her eyelids are caked with
sticky secretions. The woman subsequently has been diagnosed with posterior
blepharitis. Which of the following treatments is the nurse practitioner likely to initiate?
Question 9 options:
Intravenous steroids coupled with topical antibiotic ointment
Regularly scheduled cleansing of the woman's eyes with normal saline
Warm compresses to be applied regularly to her eyes in addition to oral antibiotics
Surgical repair of the woman's blocked meibomian glands - Answers -Warm
compresses to be applied regularly to her eyes in addition to oral antibiotics
A 28-year-old male who is 6 feet 11 inches tall has a diagnosis of acromegaly. The man
is explaining to a curious but sympathetic coworker exactly what accounts for his
,extraordinary height. Which of the following explanations demonstrates a sound
understanding of his health problem?
Question 10 options:
"A tumor in my brain threw off my hormone levels after I was finished with
adolescence."
"My pituitary gland produced a much higher than normal amount of growth hormone
when I was a child."
T"The high sugar levels that go along with my diabetes made my pituitary gland
overproduce the hormones that cause you to grow."
"My liver is malfunctioning and produces too many of the hormones that ultimately
cause growth." - Answers -"A tumor in my brain threw off my hormone levels after I was
finished with adolescence."
Following a long history of fatigue, weakness, and poor appetite, a 39-year-old male has
been diagnosed with hypopituitarism. Which of the following clinical findings would most
likely cause his care team to suspect that the man has an additional endocrine disorder
from a different source?
Question options:
The man displays the signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism.
The patient is 5 feet 2 inches tall and was consistently short for his age as a child.
The man has a chronic platelet deficiency and is occasionally anemic.
The man has a low sperm count and has been unable to have children. - Answers -The
man has a chronic platelet deficiency and is occasionally anemic.
A 51-year-old woman has been experiencing signs and symptoms of perimenopause
and has sought help from her nurse practitioner. Doctors have confirmed a deficiency in
estrogen levels as a contributing factor. Which of the following phenomena could
potentially underlie the woman's health problem?
Question options:
A lack of prohormone precursors needed for estrogen synthesis and release
Insufficient estrogen production within the smooth endoplasmic reticulum of the relevant
cells
Inadequate synthesis in the rough endoplasmic reticulum of her ovarian cells
, Sufficient synthesis of estrogen but inadequate vesicle-mediated release - Answers -
Insufficient estrogen production within the smooth endoplasmic reticulum of the relevant
cells
A patient with a history of an endocrine disorder exhibits signs and symptoms of
hormone deficiency. Which of the following processes would the patient's care team
most likely rule out first as a contributing factor?
Question options:
Up-regulation has increased the sensitivity of the body to particular hormone levels.
The process of down-regulation has resulted in decreased hormone sensitivity.
Hormone production is sufficient, but affinity on the part of the target cells is lacking.
The patient's target cells lack sufficient receptors for the hormone in question. - Answers
-Up-regulation has increased the sensitivity of the body to particular hormone levels.
A 30-year-old woman has sought care because of her recurrent photophobia, tearing,
and eye irritation. During assessment, her care provider asks about any history of cold
sores or genital herpes. What is the rationale for the care provider's line of questioning?
Question options:
A history of HSV with eye irritation is suggestive of glaucoma.
Chronic viral infection of the eyes can result in HSV autoinoculation of the mouth and
labia.
HSV infection of the cornea is a common cause of corneal ulceration and blindness.
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) conjunctivitis indicates a need for antiviral rather than
antibacterial treatment. - Answers -HSV infection of the cornea is a common cause of
corneal ulceration and blindness.
As part of the diagnostic workup for a patient's long-standing vertigo, a clinician wants to
gauge the patient's eye movements. Which of the following tests is the clinician most
likely to utilize?
Question options:
Caloric stimulation
Electronystagmography (ENG)
Rotational tests
Romberg test - Answers -Electronystagmography (ENG)
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