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UNCC BIOL3111 EXAM 3 CHAPTER 6 STUDY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.
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UNCC BIOL3111 EXAM 3 CHAPTER 6STUDY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Sickle-cell eanemia eis ean eexample eof ean einherited edisease. eIndividuals ewith
ethis edisorder ehave emisshapen e(sickle-shaped) ered eblood ecells ecaused eby ea
echange ein ethe esequence eof ethe eβ-globin egene. eWhat eis ethe enature eof ethe
echange?
(a) echromosome eloss
(b) ebase-pair echange
(c) egene eduplication
(d) ebase-pair einsertion e- eCorrect eAnswer e- eB- ebase-pair echange
Even ethrough eDNA epolymerase ehas ea eproofreading efunction, eit estill
eintroduces eerrors ein ethe enewly esynthesized estrand eat ea erate eof e1 eper
e10^7 enucleotides.
To ewhat edegree edoes ethe emismatch erepair esystem edecrease ethe eerror erate
earising efrom eDNA ereplication?
(a) e2-fold
(b) e5-fold
(c) e10-fold
(d) e100-fold e- eCorrect eAnswer e- eD- e100-fold
Which eof ethe efollowing echoices ebelow erepresents ethe ecorrect eway eto erepair
ethe emismatch?
Mismatch: eNew eStrand eC, eTemplate eT.
(a) eNew eStrand eA, eTemplate eT
(b) eNew eStrand eC, eTemplate eG
(c) eNew eStrand eC, eTemplate eA
(c) eNew eStrand eG, eTemplate eT e- eCorrect eAnswer e- eA- eNew eStrand eA,
eTemplate eT
A emismatched ebase epair ecauses e____________ ein ethe eDNA ebackbone. eIf
ethis ewere ethe eonly eindication eof ean eerror ein ereplication, ethe eoverall
e_____________________ ewould ebe emuch ehigher.
This eis ebecause e__________ ealone edoes enot etell ethe emismatch erepair
esystem
e_________________________________________________________________. e-
eCorrect eAnswer e- edistortion, erate eof emutation.
distortion,
which ebase eis eincorrect eand ewhich ewas eoriginally epart eof ethe echromosome.
, WHY eDISTORTION eALONE eIS eNOT eSUFFICIENT-
Without eadditional emarks ethat eidentify ethe edifference ebetween ethe
e_________________________________, ethe erepair ewould eonly ebe ecorrected
e50% eof ethe etime eby erandom echance.
The eerror erate e(and etherefore ethe e__________________) ewould estill ebe eless
ethan ein ea esystem ethat elacked ethe emismatch erepair eenzymes e(1 emistake
eper e______________), ebut egreater ethan ethe eerror erate ein ea esystem ethat
eaccurately eidentifies ethe enewly esynthesizes estrand e(1 emistake eper
e_______________.) e- eCorrect eAnswer e- enewly esynthesized estrand eand ethe
etemplate estrand.
mutation erate,
1 eper e10^7 ebase epairs
1 eper e10^9 ebase epairs
Beside ethe edistortion ein ethe eDNA ebackbone ecaused eby ea emismatched ebase
epair, ewhat eadditional emark eis ethere eon eeukaryotic eDNA eto eindicate ewhich
estrand eneeds eto ebe erepaired?
(a) ea enick ein ethe etemplate estrand
(b) ea echemical emodification eof ethe enew estrand
(c) ea enick ein ethe enew estrand
(d) ea esequence egap ein ethe enew estrand e- eCorrect eAnswer e- eC- eA enick ein
ethe enew estrand
A epregnant emouse eis eexposed eto ehigh elevels eof ea echemical. emany eof ethe
emice ein eher elittle eare edeformed, ebut ewhen ethey eare einterbred ewith eeach
eother, eall etheir eoffspring eare enormal.
Which eTWO eof ethe efollowing estatements ecould eexplain ethese eresults?
(a) eIn ethe edeformed emice, esomatic ecells ebut enot egerm ecells ewere emutated.
(b) eThe eoriginal emouse's egerm ecells ewere emutated.
(c) eIn ethe edeformed emice, egerm ecells ebut enot esomatic ecells ewere emutated.
(d) eThe etoxic echemical eaffects edevelopment ebut eis enot emutagenic. e- eCorrect
eAnswer e- eA- eIn ethe edeformed emice, esomatic ecells ebut enot egerm ecells
ewere emutated.
D- eThe etoxic echemical eaffects edevelopment ebut eis enot emutagenic.
The erepair eof emismatched ebase epairs eor edamaged enucleotides ein ea eDNA
estrand erequires ea emultistep eprocess.
Which echoice ebelow edescribes ethe eknown esequence eof eevents ein ethis
eprocess?
(a) eDNA edamage eis erecognized, ethe enewly esynthesized estrand eis eidentified
eby ean eexisting enick ein ethe ebackbone, ea esegment eof ethe enew estrand eis
eremoved eby erepair eproteins, ethe egap eis efilled eby eDNA epolymerase, eand
ethe estrand eis esealed eby eDNA eligase.
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