Antibiotics IMP are not .., Bacteria specific (some have a broader spectrum than others, so they can kill more bacteria inc. good bacteria)
Where does our immune system start? In our gut with good bacteria
What symptom can develop from killing the good bacteria in the gut? Diarrhea
What do probi...
NURS 334 Exam 2 Questions and
Solutions
Antibiotics IMP are not .., ✅Bacteria specific (some have a broader spectrum than
others, so they can kill more bacteria inc. good bacteria)
Where does our immune system start? ✅In our gut with good bacteria
What symptom can develop from killing the good bacteria in the gut? ✅Diarrhea
What do probiotics do? ✅Replace the good flora in our guts
What are some examples of probiotics? ✅Yogurt (high in lacto facillis) or daily
probiotic pills
What aggressive form of diarrhea can antibiotic use cause? ✅C. Diff overgrowth and
older adults are more susceptible
Antibiotics can interfere with the effectiveness of what medication? ✅Oral
contraceptives (birth control)
What is a beta-lactam? ✅Enzyme that is produced by the bacteria itself (can cause C.
Diff)
What category is beta-lactams for pregnancy? ✅Category B
What ADRs can beta-lactams cause? ✅NVD, vaginal infection, jock itch, rash,
hypernatremia (high sodium blood levels)
Where are beta-lactams metabolized? ✅Through the GI tract
If someone develops a rash the 1st time you give a drug what do you do? ✅Cross that
drug off and discontinue future administrations because they may develop anaphylaxis
the next time
What are two drug examples of beta-lactams? ✅Penicillin and cephalosporins
If a drug name contains "-cillin" then it is considered a ✅Form of penicillin/beta-lactam
If a drug name contains "-cef" or "ceph-" then it is considered a ✅Cephalosporin/beta-
lactam
, When was penicillin discovered and what was it originally made from? ✅40's and
moldy bread
What can -cillins cure? ✅Syphilis (originated from sheep and was forcefully tested on
African Americans)
What is the potential problem with long-term use of -cillins? ✅Antibiotic resistance
(which can lead to sepsis and death)
Where are -cillins excreted? ✅Kidneys
What lab values do we check before administering -cillins? ✅BUN/Crea
What cephalosporin is commonly prescribed? ✅Ancef --> IV, Cephalexin (Keflex)
What does cephalosporins treat? ✅Upper respiratory infections, .....
What pregnancy category is aminoglycosides/fluroquinolones? ✅D
Why are aminoglycosides/fluroquinolones category D pregnancy drugs? ✅They can
penetrate the CNS and they are the most potentially toxic drug group
What is a drug example of aminoglycosides? ✅Gentamycin
What is a drug example of fluroquinolones? ✅Ciprofloxacin or Levofloxacin (Levaquin)
What should you AVOID when taking fluroquinolones? ✅Dairy products (interfere with
the interaction and work of cipro), iron, aluminum, and St. John Wort (herbal
supplement)
T/F Fluroquinolones should be taken with food ✅True
T/F Antacids can be taken with fluroquinlones ✅True (but you have to take them with
caution)
What is Ciprofloxacin and Levofloxacin (Levaquin) used for? ✅UTIs, bronchitis,
sinusitis, etc.
ADRs of Ciprofloxacin/Levofloxacin (Levaquin) ✅NVD, rash, headache,
anxiety/confusion (older adults more prone), dizziness, ruptured achilles tendon
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