CHA 1: Exam 1 Hematology Questions With Answers Graded A+ Assured Success
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Course
CHA 1: Hematology
Institution
CHA 1: Hematology
Sickle cell anemia - a genetic disorder that causes abnormal hemoglobin, resulting in some red
blood cells assuming an abnormal sickle shape
Anemia nursing interventions - -maintain 90% O2
-encourage periods of rest
-increase iron, B12, folic acid in diet
-Z-track injection of iron
-blood tra...
CHA 1: Exam 1 Hematology
Sickle cell anemia - a genetic disorder that causes abnormal hemoglobin, resulting in some red
blood cells assuming an abnormal sickle shape
Anemia nursing interventions - -maintain 90% O2
-encourage periods of rest
-increase iron, B12, folic acid in diet
-Z-track injection of iron
-blood transfusion (<6)
definition of anemia - reduction in number of RBCs, Blood hemoglobin content, or hematocrit
*not a specific disease, occurs with many conditions such as iron deficiency, genetic disorders, or bone
marrow disease
Mild anemia
s/sx - 10-14 hbg
dyspnea/palpitations
moderate anemia - 6-10 hbg fatigue dyspnea and palpitations
severe anemia - <6 hbg
who is at risk for anemia - -nutritional deficiency (B12, folic acid, iron-->diet or malabsorption)
-blood loss (hemhorrage or heavy menstration or loss in GI bleed)
-hemolysis (sickle cell or incompatible blood or aplastic)
,Common manifestations of anemia - fatigue, dyspnea on exertion, palpitations, pallor, intolerance
to cold
Common labs of anemia (increased or Decreased)
-RBCs
-WBCs
Serum Iron
-Hem occult
-Colonoscopy - decreased
decreased
decreased
blood in stool
may be do to find specific spot of bleeding
Oral Iron complications - Can cause GI distress, constipation; may need to take with food and OJ
for
better absorption
If liquid, give with straw to prevent teeth staining
1 unit of blood will raise the Hgb how much? - 1 Hgb
Blood Transfusion Nursing Considerations - -18 g (min. 20 g)
-y tubing with a filter
-prime NS
-nothing else in line
-confirm ID, blood compatibility, and expiration (2 RNs)
-client education
, -baseline VS
-administer w/in 30 min
-stay with client for first 15-30 min-150mL/hr (400 mL total, 2-3 hrs)
Blood Transfusion Reaction - -stop
-antidote, emergency meds
-symptom management
-notify HCP
Blood transfusion reaction s/sx - Shaking chills
SOB, chest pain, low back pain,
Hives/itching
Feeling of "something not right"
Hypotension, tachycardia, tachypnea
Taking what with iron helps absorption? - vit C-calcium decreased absorption
Anemia Improvement S/S - less fatigue
less SOB
decreased pallor
Potential Complications of anemia - MI (chest pain, radiation of pain)
HF ( heart pumps so fast for so long, pedal edema, crackles, SOB)
Rh compatibility -
Vitamin B12 anemia - deficiency of B12
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