COMD 5070 Quizzes 4 & 5 For Exam 2
Source-Filter Model - The "Source" Refers To:
️ c. The larynx which produces all the frequencies. - The larynx is responsible for generating sound frequencies through vocal fold vibration.
Changes in Vocal Tract Shape - If You Change the Shape or Leng...
✔️ c. The larynx which produces all the frequencies.
- The larynx is responsible for generating sound frequencies through vocal fold vibration.
Changes in Vocal Tract Shape
- If You Change the Shape or Length of Vocal Tract Areas:
✔️ a. You will get changes in resonant frequencies (i.e., formants).
- Changes in the configuration of the vocal tract affect the resonant frequencies, which define the
characteristics of vowels.
Fundamental Frequency Changes
- When Fundamental Frequency of the Voice is Raised:
✔️ d. The harmonics increase.
- When the pitch (fundamental frequency) is raised, all the harmonic frequencies also increase in value.
First Formant (F1)
- F1 is Related to:
✔️ a. Vowel height/openess.
- The first formant (F1) correlates with how open or closed the vowel sound is.
Creation of Vowel Sounds
- To Create Vowel Sounds:
✔️ b. False (indicates confusion, as the statement implies).
- The vocal tract modifies the harmonics produced by the vocal folds, but vowels depend on the
filtering effect of the tract rather than new frequencies being generated.
, Factors Altering Vowel Production
- Factors Altered for Different Vowels (e.g., "ahh" or "ee"):
✔️ d. Tongue and jaw height, tongue frontness/backness, lip rounding.
- These adjustments affect the acoustic properties and resonance of the produced sounds.
Talking Fast
- What Happens When We Talk Fast:
✔️ c. Vowel undershoot or neutralization.
- Rapid speech can lead to less distinct vowel production, resulting in reduction or blending of vowel
qualities.
Vowel Diphthongs
- What Happens to Vowel Formants When Producing Diphthongs (e.g., "bye" or "bay"):
✔️ c. The formants change during the production of the vowel.
- Diphthongs involve a glide from one vowel quality to another, which affects formant frequencies.
Formants on a Spectrogram
- Formants on a Spectrogram Appear As:
✔️ b. Dark bands that occur during vowel production, indicating more intensity at a certain frequency.
- These dark bands represent the resonant frequencies and provide insight into vowel quality.
Formant Variability Across Speakers
- Formant Values Can Differ Across Speakers Due To:
✔️ a. Differences in vocal tract size due to anatomy/size of the speaker. Also, consonants that the
vowel is next to.
- Speaker anatomy plays a significant role in formant frequency production, as does the surrounding
phonetic context.
Closure of Stop Consonants
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