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Intro to Pharmacology; Lehne Ch. 1-8 (Exam 1) questions with correct answers
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Intro to Pharmacology; Lehne Ch. 1-8 (Exam 1) questions with correct answers
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Intro to Pharmacology; Lehne Ch. 1-8 (Exam1) questions with correct answers
Drug - ANSWER: ➡ Any chemical that can affect living processes.
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-Drugs either stop/mimic what body already does on its own
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-Drug is never used when speaking to pt; medication
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Pharmacology - ANSWER: ➡ The study of drugs and their interaction with living systems.
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Clinical pharmacology - ANSWER: ➡ The study of drug interactions with people (effects of
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drugs in humans)
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Pharmacotherapeutics - ANSWER: ➡ The use of drugs to diagnose, prevent, or treat disease m m mm m m m m m m m m m m
or prevent pregnancy.
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Properties of an ideal drug - ANSWER: ➡ 1. Effective; elicits intended response it was
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administered for (*most important property*)
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2. Safe; does not produce harmful effects despite dose
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3. Selective; ability of a drug to elicit only the response for which it is given w/ no side effects
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m (Selectivity does not guarantee safety) m m m m
Therapeutic objective of drug therapy - ANSWER: ➡ To provide maximum benefit with
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minimum harm
m m
-nurses decide if this is metm m m m m
-pick the safest drug if both do same job
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Pharmacokinetics - ANSWER: ➡ The impact the *body has on the drug*; the movement of m m mm m m m m m m m m m m m
drugs through the body
m m m m
, m 4 processes determine how much of an administered dose of a drug gets to its site of action:
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1. absorption
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2. distribution
m
3. metabolism
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4. excretion
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Absorption - ANSWER: ➡ The movement of a drug from its site of administration into the
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blood
m
-depends on blood flow & determines how fast drug works
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Distribution - ANSWER: ➡ Drug movement from the blood to the interstitial space of tissues
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and from there into cells
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-affected by protein binding (Albumin; too large to leave blood = larger dose needed)
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-Low albumin; more free drug available; bleeding/bruising
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Metabolism (biotransformation) - ANSWER: ➡ The chemical breakdown of drug structure
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-Inactivates drug for excretion m m m
-Activates inactive drug m m
-Occurs in *liver*; m m
First-pass effect - ANSWER: ➡ After the drug moves through the hepatic system, very little
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active drug is left in the general circulation as a result of first-pass effect; the rapid hepatic
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inactivation of certain oral drugs
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Excretion - ANSWER: ➡ The removal of drugs from the body; urine, bile, sweat, breastmilk,
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expired air
m m
-Occurs in *kidneys* m m
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