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PSY 657 TEST 1 {252} QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
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PSY 657 TEST 1 {252} QUESTIONS ANDVERIFIED ANSWERS
Psychopathology - ANSWER Scientific study of mental disorders which includes
efforts to understand their genetic, biological, psychological, and social causes.
Concentrates on mental health conditions and disorders.
What does Psych mean? - ANSWER The totality of the human mind, conscious
and unconscious.
What does pathology mean? - ANSWER Comes from the Greek word "pathos"
which means disease, so it is the study of disease.
Clinical Psychology - ANSWER Refers to treatments designed to assist individuals
with any number of ailments, which includes psychopathology.
Abnormal psychology - ANSWER Concerned with understanding the nature,
causes, and treatment of mental disorders.
Where are the places where we see abnormal psychology take place? - ANSWER
Newspapers
Movies
Surfing the web
Family members
College campus (peer support groups)
TV shows
Mothers on the news
Celebrities
What does family aggregation mean? - ANSWER Whether a disorder runs in
families
,What are the 7 indicators of abnormality? - ANSWER 1. Subjective Distress
2. Maladaptiveness
3. Statistical Deviancy
4. Violation of the Standards of Society
5. Social Discomfort
6. Irrationality and Unpredictability
7. Dangerousness
Subjective Distress - ANSWER If people suffer from psychological pain we tend to
consider this as indicative of abnormality (depression, feeling distressed)
-Not sufficient nor necessary
Maladaptiveness - ANSWER Interferes with our well-being and ability to enjoy our
work and relationships.
Ex: Anorexia, depression.
-If society considers behavior to be abnormal.
Statistical deviancy - ANSWER Statistically rare behaviors.
Ex: The common cold is a statistically common diagnosis? Is it abnormal? Yes, it is
an illness so it strays from the normal.
-Statistically rare and undesirable: abnormal
-Statistically rare and desirable: normal (genius
Violation of the standards of society - ANSWER People fail to follow the
conventional social and moral rules of their cultural group.
Ex:
Behavior is more likely to be considered abnormal when violating the standards of
society and is statistically deviant or rare.
Illegal parking, no.
,Mother drowning child: yeah
Social Discomfort - ANSWER Violating an implicit or unwritten social rule, those
around him or her may experience a sense of discomfort.
-Empty bus: the bus is empty but you choose to sit next to that person.
irrationality and unpredictability - ANSWER behavior or states of mind that are so
out of the expected and ordinary that it impairs one's participation in the culture.
-Consider a given uncommon behavior abnormal.
Ex: the disordered speech and the disorganized behavior of patients with
schizophrenia are often irrational.
Dangerousness - ANSWER A danger to him or herself or to another person is
psychologically abnormal.
-A bad driver is dangerous but will not be considered mentally ill because we can't
rely on dangerousness are a sole feature of abnormality.
-More of an exception than a rule to be dangerous when mentally ill.
DSM-5 - ANSWER American Psychiatric Association's diagnostic and statistical
manual of mental disorders.
ICD-10 - ANSWER The International Classification of Diseases
-Differences are that similar disorders have different names.
How does DSM-5 define a mental disorder - ANSWER A syndrome present in an
individual and that involves clinically significant disturbance in behavior, emotion
regulation, or cognitive functioning.
-These disturbances are thought to reflect a dysfunction in biological,
psychological, or developmental processes that are necessary for mental
functioning.
Classification and Diagnosis Advantages - ANSWER Nomenclature (a naming
system): gives clinicians and researchers both a common language and shorthand
terms for complex clinical conditions.
, Classification and Diagnosis Disadvantages - ANSWER 1. Loss of information:
Personal detailed information about the person who has the specific disorder is lost.
We don't allow ourselves to identify the person on a personal level, but rather just
classify him or her.
2. Stigma: still associated with having a psychiatric diagnosis.
Stereotyping: automatic beliefs concerning other people that we learn as a result of
growing up in a particular culture.
3. Labeling: a person's self-concept may be affected by being given a diagnosis.
How does culture influence abnormality? - ANSWER Culture can shape the
clinical presentation of disorders like depression, which are present across cultures
around the world.
Ex: There is no word for depressed in the languages of certain Native American
tribes. Members tend to describe their symptoms of depression in physical rather
than emotional terms.
-Some types of psychopathology appear to be highly culture-specific and are found
in specific parts of the world.
Ex: Tajin Kyofusho: an anxiety disorder prevalent in Japan that involves a marked
fear that one's body, body parts, or body functions may offend, embarrass, or make
others uncomfortable.
Epidemiology - ANSWER The study of the distribution of mental disorders in a
given population.
How do we determine the frequencies of mental disorders when conducting an
epidemiological survey? - ANSWER Prevalence: The number of active cases in a
population during any given period.
Point prevalence - ANSWER Estimated proportion of actual, active cases of a
disorder in a given population at a given point in time.
1-year prevalence - ANSWER Counts everyone experiencing a particular disorder
at any point in time throughout the entire year.
Lifetime prevalence - ANSWER Estimate the number of people who have had a
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