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NURS 342 exam 4 Questions With Complete Solutions
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NURS 342 exam 4 Questions With Complete Solutions
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NURS 342 exam 4 Questions With Complete Solutionsblood tests Correct Answers creatinine - protein and muscle
...... ......
breakdown - kidney function
blood urea nitrogen - protein metabolism in liver - kidneys filter
uric acid - breakdown product with nitrogenous metabolism
bicarbonate
electrolytes
imaging studies Correct Answers bedside sonography
...... ... ...
x-ray - for HUB (kidney ureter bladder)
IV urography/pyelography - inject dye to watch flow of urine
renal ultrasound
CT - contrast needs IV, if abdominal CT NPO)
MRI - reveal soft contrast around tissues like the kidneys
cystograms - inject contrast dye via urinary catheter
arteriography - vascular blood flow to the kidneys
venography - blood flow to the kidneys
renal biopsy - takes a sample to send to lab
cystoscopy - place a scope into the bladder to look around
UTI risk factors Correct Answers women vs men
...... ... ...
women 18-30 years
sexual activity
obstruction
poor hygeine
DM
recent catheterizations
conditions causing incomplete bladder emptying
elderly
,dont do antibiotic prophylaxis because they will develop a
tolerance before then even have the UTI
clinical manifestations UTI Correct Answers lower urinary tract
...... ......
symptoms - dysuria, frequent urination, urgency, suprapubic
discomfort or pressure
upper urinary tract symptoms - flank pain, fever, chills, N/V
considerations for the elderly - non-localized abdominal pain,
cognitive dysfunction, fatigue, anorexia, slight decline in
temperature
UTI: cystitis, pyelonephritis, dx, tx, nursing goals Correct ......
Answers cystitis: frequency, urgency, suprapubic pain, dysuria,
.... ..
hematuria, fever, confusion in older adults
pyelonephritis: flank pain, dysuria, pain at costovertebral angle,
same S&S as cystitis
Dx: dipstick for leukocyte esterase and nitrates UA/C&S
Tx: anti-microbial increased fluid intake prevention
nursing goals: symptomatic relief, teach showers better than
baths, perineal cleansing front to back, voiding after sex, anti-
microbial therapy, no scented toilet paper, no perfumes to
perineal area, empty bladder regularly
medical management UTI Correct Answers diagnosis - amount
...... ......
of bacteria in the urine (UA), urine culture
medications - antibiotics
complications - drug resistance, pyelonephritis
,nursing management UTI Correct Answers assessment - how
...... ......
many times voided, pain when voiding, do you feel like you
emptied your bladder, fever, visualize urine, palpate bladder,
vitals
diagnosis - impaired elimination, acute pain, risk for infection,
knowledge deficit, self care deficit
intervention - administer antibiotics, teach pt to report flank
pain, n/v, fever, increase their fluids to flush urine
prevention UTI Correct Answers taking all antibiotics as
...... ... ...
prescribed
instruct the client on proper hygiene
teach the importance of emptying bladder before and after
intercourse
instruct to urinate regularly
maintain adequate fluid intake
avoid harsh soaps, bubble baths, powders, sprays in the perineal
area
report S&S of recurrent UTI
prevention of UTIs Correct Answers taking all antibiotics as
...... ......
precribed
instruct the client on proper hygeine
teach the importance of emptying bladder before and after
intercourse
instruct the client to urinate regularly
maintain adequate fluid intake
avoid harsh soaps, bubble baths, powders, sprays in the perineal
area
report S&S of recurrent UTI
, interstitial cystitis (IC) and painful bladder syndrome (PBS)
clinical manifestations Correct Answers urgency, frequency
...... ......
pelvic pain
diagnosis of exclusion
distress, embarrassment, inconvenience, threat to self-esteem,
loss of personal control, desire for normal, sexuality
looks like UTIs treated like recurring UTIs
bladder infection
medical and nursing management IC and PBS Correct Answers ......
identify factors that may exacerbate or allieviate bladder
......
symptoms
avoid bladder irritating foods and beverages
assess the environment and toileting asccessibility
pelvic cloudy or malodorous urine
drug therpy
avoid stress and tight clothing
pyelonephritis pathophysiology Correct Answers is an
...... ... ...
inflammation of the renal parenchyma and collecting system. the
most common cause is bacterial infection - backflow of urine
upward
pyelonephritis clinical manifestations Correct Answers systemic
...... ......
symptoms
flank pain
symptoms of a lower UTI
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