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NUR3145 CNS02 Exam Latest Update
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NUR3145 CNS02 Exam Latest Updatesympathetic nervous system (SNS) - Answer fight or flight; epi & norepi:
catecholamines;
stimulates target organs during stress (<3, liver)
parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) - Answer rest and digest;ACh, feeding,
digestion, elimination
beta 1 - Answer heart
beta 2 - Answer bronchial, GI, uterus
alpha 1 - Answer postsynaptic effector cells on target organ
alpha 2 - Answer presynaptic nerve terminals
alpha receptors - Answer in peripheral blood vessels & smooth muscle, pyloric &
urinary sphincters & pupils
stimulation cause: vasoconstriction, sphincter contraction, pupillary dilation
beta 1 receptor - Answer stimulation causes increase cardiac contractility & HR
beta 2 receptor - Answer stimulation causes bronchodilation, vasodilation; relaxes
bladder wall, intestine, uterus
adregenic receptors - Answer mimic effects of SNS neurotransmitters
bronchodilators - Answer albuterol, terbutaline
nasal decongestants - Answer tetrahydrozoline
ophthalmic - Answer ...
dopamine - Answer stimulates alpha, beta, dopaminergic receptors
used for hypotension, bradycardia
admin IV
risks: hypovolemia, tachyarrhythmias
epinephrine - Answer -stimulates nonspecific alpha & beta receptors
-mostly affects heart & bronchioles
-used for bradycardia, anaphylaxis, cardiac arrest, hypotension
-routes: IV, subq
, SE: myocardial ischemia (2 much vasoconstriction), arrhythmias
dobutamine - Answer stimulate beta 1 receptors
improves CO
used for hypotension, <3 failure
route: IV infusion
SE: tachyarrhythmias
alpha adrenergic agent side effects - Answer restlessness, excitement, insomnia,
euphoria, chest pain, vasoconstriction, hypertension, arrhythmias
beta adrenergic agent side effects - Answer mild tremors, nervousness, dizziness, BP
fluctuations
alpha adrenergic antagonists - Answer indications: life-threatening cardiovascular
conditions, counteract vasopressor drug effects, treat BPH
sympatholytics, relaxes smooth muscle
beta blockers - Answer decreases BP, HR, SNS stimulation, conduction velocity,
myocardial O2 demand & workload
indications: HTN, glaucoma, stage fright, migraine / HA prophylaxis, thyrotoxicosis,
arrhythmias, angia, post MI
contraindications: COPD, bradyarrhythmias, CHF;
SE: mask S&S of hypoglycemia, may cause ED
cholinergics (wet) - Answer increase (inhibit acetylcholinesterase) or imitate (replace)
acetylcholine
indications: dementia, urinary retention, myasthenia gravis, glaucoma, paralytic ileus,
insect infestations
SE: N&V, diarrhea, decreased appetite, gastric hemorrhage
antidote: atropine
- cholinomimetic, parasympathomimetic
anticholinergics - Answer block acetylcholine
causes: pupil dilation (mydriasis), decrease secretion, GI motility, increase HR
indications: parkinsons, bradycardia, urinary spasms, poor bladder capacity
contraindications: glaucoma, BPH, tachyarrhythmias, MI, hiatal hernia
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