Chapter 9-Bio 114 Study Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
BIO 114
Institution
BIO 114
Metabolism: Sum total of all reactions in a cell Reactions are organized into reaction sequences - metabolic pathways
All reactions in cells catalyzed by enzymes
Each pathway has a specific Function Begins with a specific molecule and ends with a specific product
is the sum total of catabolic an...
Chapter 9-Bio 114 Study Questions and
Correct Answers
Metabolism: ✅Sum total of all reactions in a cell
Reactions are organized into reaction sequences - metabolic pathways
All reactions in cells catalyzed by enzymes
Each pathway has a specific Function
Begins with a specific molecule and ends with a specific product
is the sum total of catabolic and anabolic processes in the cell
Cellular Processess: ✅A cell is a chemical factory where thousands of reactions take
place
The cell extract energy and uses the energy to perform work
Some organisms even convert energy to light, as in bioluminescence
Catabolic processes (5): ✅(1) Oxidative
(2) Energy forming
(3) Converging partten
(4) Increased disorder
(5) Break down few larger molecules to few smaller ones
Anabolic processes (5): ✅(1) Reductive
(2) Diverging,
(3) Energy requiring
(4) Decreased disorder
(5) Build up a few small molecules into many different larger molecules
Location/Stages in Metabolism: ✅Outside and inside the cell-No energy produced
Cytoplasm-Little energy produced, 2 ATP's
Mitochondria-Most of the energy produced
Three kinds of work done by a cell: ✅Mechanical
Transport
Chemical
ATP powers cellular work
, ATP- Energy Currency in Cells: ✅ATP connects catabolic and anabolic process
ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the cell's energy shuttle (currency)
ATP provides energy for cellular Functions
Phosphate groups of ATP's tail can be hydrolyzed to release energy
Exergonic reaction: ✅Proceeds with a net release of energy and is Spontaneous
-G is negative
-In the cell, the energy from exergonic reaction of ATP hydrolysis can be used to drive
an endergonic reaction
Endergonic reaction: ✅Requires free energy from its surroundings and non-
spontaneous
-G is positive
Cellular respiration: ✅Set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place in cells
to convert biochemical energy from organic molecules to ATP and release waste
products.
-forms ATP
-ATP is a renewable resource that needs to be regenerated
Mitochondrion: ✅important site of cellular respiration
-intermembrane space and the matrix
Energy flow and chemical recycling in ecosystems: ✅Waste product of cellular
respiration (CO2) is used in photosynthesis.
Takes place in Chloroplasts
Carbon in organic molecules is fixed by photosynthesis
O2 is a waste product (used in respiration)
Elements cycle, but energy flows one way
In photosynthesis the waste product is oxygen
...which is then utilised by humans
In contrast resperiation produces CO2
...which is unitilized in plants
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