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CISC vs RISC Exam Questions & Answers 2024/2025
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CISC vs RISC Exam Questions & Answers 2024/2025
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CISC vs RISC Exam Questions &Answers 2024/2025
What is a CISC architecture? - ANSWERSComplex Instruction Set Computer: a large instruction set is used
to accomplish tasks in as few assembly lines as possible. Processor hardware is larger and more complex
as it is built to understand/execute many subtasks based on only one single instruction.
What are the advantages of CISC? - ANSWERS1. Compiler does very little work to translate a high level
language into machine code (software does less work as emphasis is on hardware
2. Short code means less RAM is used/makes more efficient use of RAM
3. Larger number of complex instructions built into hardware of a CISC processor
4. Distinguished instruction ADDSTA will both load, add and store the numbers in a storage location, in
only one instruction
What are the disadvantages to CISC architecture? - ANSWERS1. More than one clock cycle to complete
one instruction
2. With an unknown time for each instruction, pipelining cannot be used
3. Physically larger, typically more expensive, requires more silicon to make etc
4. Many specialized instructions built in to hardware are never used - only 20% used
What is the RISC architecture? - ANSWERSReduced Instruction Set Computer: only simple instructions
included in the instruction set that take one clock cycle each to complete. More emphasis on software so
smaller and simpler processor hardware used. Compiler has more work to do due to more assembly
language lines. Smaller in size cheaper to produce.
What are the advantages of RISC architecture? - ANSWERS1. Single machine cycle per instruction means
known execution time and pipelining is possible.
2. Less hardware/fewer transistors required as emphasis on software
3. Lower Energy requirements
4. Cheaper and smaller in size
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