Automatic Behaviours - behaviours outside an organisms vouluntary control
Reflexes - simple, automatic and near instantaneous responses to stimuli
Instincts - innate tendencies to demonstrate common patterns of behaviours in response to stimuli
Palmar Grasp Reflex - a reflex in babies, gra...
HPS111 quizzes and solutions graded A
Automatic Behaviours - behaviours outside an organisms vouluntary control
Reflexes - simple, automatic and near instantaneous responses to stimuli
Instincts - innate tendencies to demonstrate common patterns of behaviours in
response to stimuli
Palmar Grasp Reflex - a reflex in babies, grabbing anything that touches the palm
of the hand
Moro Reflex - a reflex in babies, in response to loss of support. Involves reaching
out arms, pulling them back in and crying
Principles of Evolution - - Organisms reproduce and increase in number
- Organisms inherit features from their parents, but also accumulate random
variation
- Features in the environment make some features more or less helpful in surviving
and reproduction
- Organisms that survive and reproduce pass on features via 2
Requirements for Evolution - - feature must be variable
- feature must be heritable
- there must be selection pressure
Behaviour - organsisms observale actions and responses to the environment
,Emotion involves... - - psychological activation
- in reponse to environment
- can cause behavioural reponse
- cognitive appraisal
Expressive Emotions - signal your emotions
Instrumental behaviours - act on your emotions
Fear - Sensory information -> thalamus ->cerebral cortex -> amygdala
(slow process of fear)
James-Lange theory - stimulus -> physiological response
-> subjective emotions
Cannon-Bard theory - - bodily reactions to stimuli aren't always fast
- if James-Lange theory was true, severing the connection along the way would
stop an emotional response
Arousal - the activation or intensity of emotional experience
Appraisal - the cognitive interpretation of our emotional state
Circumplex Model - High Activation
, (angry) (excited)
Negative Positive
Violence Violence
(bored)
Deactivated
Advantages of humans having large brain - - ability to make and use tools
- ability to solve old and new problems
- using language and symbols to communicate
- engage in abstract thought by using logic
Encephalisation quotient (EQ) - derived from log of a species average brain mass
divided by log of the species average body mass
Animals with more intelligent behaviours have higher EQ's
Brain damage (neuroscience techniques) - - can investigate what happens when
brain is damaged to understand association between brain and behaviour
- limitation is damage often occurs under uncontrolled circumstances
Psychosurgery (neuroscience techniques) - - uses animal models to better
understand how specific brain regions may be involved in the generation of
specific types of behaviour
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