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CJ 3250 Exam 1 (1)
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Exam of 6 pages for the course CON 2370 Simplified Acquisition Procedures at CON 2370 Simplified Acquisition Procedures (CJ 3250 Exam 1 (1))
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CJ 3250 Exam 1Component parts of the CJS - ANS-Police, courts, and corrections.
Due Process model (liberal values) - ANS-- Made by Herbert Packer
- Places greater emphasis on citizens' rights and that criminal justice should provide
fundamental fairness under the law
- Criminal justice should concentrate on defendants' rights (not victims'), police powers should
be limited to prevent oppression of the individual, also authorities should be held accountable to
guidelines to ensure fairness in the justice process.
Crime Control Model (conservative values) - ANS-- Made by Herbert Packer
- Places a high priority on moving cases through the system
- The control of crime should be the most important function of the CJS because order is
necessary for a free society
- CJ should concentrate on justifying victims' rights rather than protecting defendants' rights
- Police powers should be expanded to make investigation, arrest, search, seize, and conviction
easier
Packer's Two Models - ANS-- Tension between the two models accounts for the conflict and
disharmony that we can see now in the CJS
Process of the criminal justice system - ANS-- Investigation
- Arrest
- Pretrial activities
• First appearance
• Preliminary hearing
• Indictment
• Arraignment
- Judge reviews evidence set forth by opposing parties
- Sentencing
- Punishment
2nd Amendment - ANS-- Right to bear arms.
- A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people
to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.
- Gun control: Background checks (Due Process)
Bow Street Runners - ANS-- London's first professional police force in 1749
- Established by Henry Fielding
- 6 men who were the first group to emphasize crime prevention as opposed to depending on
reactive responses to crime
, Sir Robert Peel - ANS-- 1788-1850, known as the father of modern policing
- Claimed that:
• Police must be organized along military lines
• Police must be controlled government
• Police headquarters would be centrally located
English to American - ANS-- Developments of law enforcement in the US was derived from the
development of policing in England
Policing in Colonial America - ANS-- very informal
- based on a for-profit, privately funded system
- employed people part-time
- towns relied on a "night watch," where volunteers signed up for a certain day/ time to look for
colonists engaging in gambling or prostitution
Night watch - ANS-- first one in the US was in Boston, Massachusetts
- many of the men working slept and drank while on duty
Not always built on noble causes - ANS-- many southern police departments began as "slave
patrols"
- The original reason for the development of the Pennsylvania State Police was to assist mine
owners in breaking coal strikes
- Laws are enacted to regulate the behaviors of groups of people
Slave Patrols - ANS-- helped maintain the economic order and assisted the wealthy landowners
in recovering and punishing their slaves, who essentially were considered their property
Constables - ANS-- charged with surveying land, checking weights and measures, serving
warrants, and issuing out punishments
- first one in the colonies was Joshua Pratt in 1634
Political Entrenchment Phase - ANS-- era of modern policing characterized by the extensive
corruption that overshadowed the social efforts of police during this time period
State - ANS-- a(n) apparatus/ system that has the recognized authority to use and maintain a
monopoly on the use of force within a clearly defined geography or jurisdiction
Social Controls - ANS-- collective practices by which a group attempts to ensure that individuals
conform to the norms and values of the group
Informal social controls - ANS-- exercised by a society without stating any rules or laws. It is
expressed through norms and customs
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