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ATI Pharmacology dynamic quiz.pdf
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ATI Pharmacology dynamic quiz.pdfA nurse is caring for a client who was recently diagnosed with Addison's disease and
has been placed on long-term mineralocorticoid therapy with fludrocortisone. Which
of the following pieces of information should the nurse provide when explaining the
purpose of this therapy? - ANSWER Mineralocorticoids maintain electrolyte and
fluid balance.
Mineralocorticoids (specifically aldosterone) are necessary for the regulation of fluid
and electrolyte balance (particularly for sodium, potassium, and water). Addison's
disease results in a deficiency of cortisol and aldosterone production and requires
supplementation with glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids. Fludrocortisone is the
only mineralocorticoid available.
A. Glucocorticoids enhance carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism.
B. Adrenal androgens have minimal effects on the development of secondary sex
characteristics and libido maintenance.
D. Mineralocorticoids, specifically high levels of aldosterone, increase the risk of
cardiac dysrhythmias due to the promotion of myocardial fibrosis.
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing a seizure while in bed. Which of the
following actions should the nurse take? - ANSWER Turn the client's head to the
side
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing acute alcohol withdrawal. The
nurse should expect to administer which of the following medications? - ANSWER
Chlordiazepoxide
A nurse is preparing to administer medication to a client. The nurse should
understand that which of the following abbreviations indicates the greatest frequency
of medication administration? - ANSWER QID
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for enteric-coated aspirin as
stroke prophylaxis. The client asks the nurse why the provider prescribed an enteric-
coated medication. Which of the following responses should the nurse give? -
ANSWER "Enteric-coated medications cause less gastric irritation"
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who is postoperative and has a
new prescription for an oral opioid analgesic. Which of the following pieces of
information should the nurse include as a rationale for increasing the client's daily
intake of fiber? - ANSWER Dietary fiber helps prevent constipation
A nurse is preparing to administer meperidine 10 mg IM to a client who has a BMI of
23. Which of the following needle lengths should the nurse use to administer the
medication? - ANSWER 1½ inch
,A nurse is providing teaching to a client with asthma who has a new prescription for
a short-acting beta-2 agonist (SABA) bronchodilator. Which of the following pieces of
information should the nurse share? - ANSWER Notify the provider if the SABA is
needed more than twice per week
A nurse is preparing to administer levothyroxine 12.5 mg PO daily to a client who
has hypothyroidism. Levothyroxine 25 mcg/1 tablet is available. How many tablets
should the nurse administer per dose?(numeric value only) - ANSWER 0.5
A nurse is preparing to administer metoclopramide 10 mg IM to a client who is
postoperative and nauseated. The amount available is metoclopramide 5mg/1 mL.
How many mL should the nurse administer? - ANSWER 2
A nurse is caring for a client who has hyperlipidemia and is receiving simvastatin 40
mg PO daily. Which of the following items should the nurse remove from the client's
breakfast tray before it is delivered to the room? - ANSWER Grapefruit juice
Grapefruit juice is contraindicated for a client who is taking simvastatin because it
raises blood levels of the medication significantly by inactivating a liver enzyme that
is responsible for metabolism.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client with chronic bronchitis about administering
acetylcysteine using a hand-held nebulizer (HHN). Which of the following client
statements indicates an understanding of the teaching? - ANSWER "I should try to
cough productively just before I begin the treatment"
A productive cough prior to beginning the treatment will clear sputum from lung
surfaces, allowing better absorption of the medication.
The nurse should teach the client that an open vial of the medication can be stored
in the refrigerator for up to 96 hours. The client should discard any unused
medication after that time.
The client should drink plenty of fluids, at least 2 to 3 L (67.6 to 101.4 oz) each day,
to help thin the secretions.
After opening, the medication mixture might develop a light purple color, which is
expected and does not alter the potency of the medication. Therefore, the client does
not need to discard medication that changes color in this way.
A nurse is preparing to administer the first injection of the diphtheria, tetanus, and
pertussis (DTaP) vaccine to an infant. Which of the following pieces of information
should the nurse tell the guardian prior to administering the immunization? -
ANSWER The vaccine will be injected into the infant's thigh
A nurse is providing teaching about benzodiazepines to a client who is discontinuing
long-term alprazolam use. Which of the following pieces of information should the
nurse include in the teaching? - ANSWER Plan to taper the dose slowly over
several months
,A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for warfarin. Which of the
following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client
understands the instructions? - ANSWER I'll avoid contact sports like footbal
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has tuberculosis (TB) and a prescription
for isoniazid. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? -
ANSWER You should take this medication on an empty stomach
A nurse is providing teaching to a parent of a child who has asthma and a new
prescription for a cromolyn sodium meter-dose inhaler. Which of the following
statements by the parent indicates the need for further teaching? - ANSWER I will
give my child a dose as soon as wheezing starts
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for
hydrochlorothiazide 50mg PO daily to treat hypertension. Which of the following
instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? - ANSWER Take
hydrochlorothiazide in the morning
A nurse is administering subcutaneous heparin to a client who is at risk for deep vein
thrombosis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? - ANSWER
Administer the medication into the client's abdomen
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has chronic kidney failure with an AV
fistula for hemodialysis and a new prescription for epoetin alfa. Which of the
following therapeutic effects of epoetin alfa should the nurse include in the teaching?
- ANSWER Promotes RBC production
Epoetin alfa stimulates erythropoiesis in the bone marrow to increase RBC
production and reduce anemia. Anemia is common in clients who have chronic
kidney failure since erythropoietin is produced by the kidney.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for enalapril. The nurse
should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects of this
medicaiton? - ANSWER Hypotension
A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving IV gentamicin 3 times daily. Which of
the following findings indicates that the client is experiencing an adverse effect of this
medication? - ANSWER Proteinuria
A nurse is preparing to administer lactated Ringer's (LR) 1,000 mL IV infused over 8
hr. The drop factor of the manual IV tubing is 10 gtt/mL. The nurse should set the
manual IV infusion to deliver how many gtt/min? - ANSWER 21
10gtt/1mL | 1,000 mL/8 hr |
1 hr/60 min = 10,000/480 = 20.83 (round to nearest whole number)
A nurse is planning discharge teaching for a client who has major depressive
disorder and a new prescription for phenelzine. Which of the following foods should
, the nurse include in the plan as safe for the client to consume while taking
phenelzine? - ANSWER Broiled beef steak
Phenelzine, an MAOI, is an antidepressant. This medication interacts with a variety
of foods to produce a hypertensive crisis. Beef steak and other meats that are fresh
do not interact with phenelzine and are safe to consume.
Most cheeses, except for cottage cheese and cream cheese, interact with MAOIs
like phenelzine and can cause hypertensive crisis.
Pepperoni, salami, and other dried or cured meats interact with MAOIs and can
cause hypertensive crisis.
Fish that has been cured or dried interacts with MAOIs and can cause hypertensive
crisis.
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has been hospitalized for
major depressive disorder and has a prescription for amitriptyline. Which of the
following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? -
ANSWER I will move slowly when I stand up because amitriptyline can cause my
blood pressure to decrease
Amitriptyline can cause orthostatic hypotension. The nurse should instruct the client
to take precautions to prevent an injury due to a fall while taking amitriptyline.
Amitriptyline is a tricyclic antidepressant that has a sedative effect. This medication
is often prescribed 3 times daily until a therapeutic dose has been achieved, and
then the entire dose is prescribed at bedtime to help the client sleep at night and
prevent daytime drowsiness.
Amitriptyline should not be taken with other CNS depressants such as alcohol and
sedatives because these substances can enhance the adverse effects of
amitriptyline.
Amitriptyline and other tricyclic antidepressants have an anticholinergic effect and
can cause severe constipation as well as dry mouth, blurred vision, and urinary
retention.
A nurse is planning to administer diltiazem via IV bolus to a client who has atrial
fibrillation. When assessing the client, the nurse should recognize that which of the
following findings is a contraindication to administration of diltiazem? - ANSWER
Hypotension
A nurse is preparing to administer oxytocin to a client who is at 41 weeks gestation
and is experiencing ineffective labor. Which of the following actions should the nurse
plan to take? - ANSWER Increase the dose of oxytocin to obtain uterine
contractions that occur every 2 to 3 min
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