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ENVS 1000 - Exam 1 2024 (1).
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ENVS 1000 - Exam 1 2024Why does it take less and less time to add each additional billion people to the planet? -
ANS-Because as the population increases, the total number of births increases
How many people are added to a population of 100,000 each year with a one percent growth
rate? - ANS-About 1,000
Why did the global population start to grow so quickly in the 1700s? - ANS-Because improved
sanitation and medicine associated with the technological advances of the industrial revolution
increased human life expectancy.
What are the two most populated continents of the world? - ANS-Africa and Asia
What is a dependency ratio, and why is it important? - ANS-The ratio of non-working people;
because non-working people require the support of the working population
Using the demographic transition model, predict what change is most likely to occur in a country
that has declining death rate and a birth rate that remains high? - ANS-The birth rate will fall
In which of the following countries would you likely find a high total fertility rate? - ANS-Kenya
What is the definition of the total fertility rate? - ANS-The average number of children born to a
woman during her lifetime
Which of these statements about the impact that women have on total fertility rates are TRUE?
(Select the five correct answers.) - ANS-In some countries, increasing gender equity reduces
total fertility rate by giving women more control over family-planning decisions.
Increased overall educational opportunities for women and girls tend to delay childbearing and
reduce total fertility rate.
Increased gender equity gives women more opportunities to determine family size.
Increasing the number of working women lowers a country's total fertility rate.
If a woman and her descendants each have two children and wait until they are 30 years old
(instead of 20) to have their first child, the amount of time between generations will be extended
and fewer children will be born.
Countries with the highest total fertility rates often have a level of economic development that is
_____ and a _____ poverty rate. - ANS-low,
high
What is the typical replacement rate for populations? - ANS-Slightly more than two children per
woman because some children die before reaching adulthood
, What are the major causes of death in the world's poorest countries? - ANS-Most people die of
preventable and treatable diseases, such as infectious respiratory, diarrheal, and parasitic
diseases
Why does population increase so quickly as death rates fall? - ANS-Because birth rates typically
remain high for some time after death rates begin to fall, causing the population to go through a
period of rapid increase
Despite a large increase in the global population, the overall growth rate is not as high as it was
100 years ago. Why? - ANS-Because the developing nations are moving through the early
stages of demographic transition faster than the United States and the European nations did
100 years ago
According the I=PAT model, Environmental Impact = _____ X _____ X _____ - ANS-Population
size X Affluence X Technology
Why does population growth in the United States have a larger effect on the global environment
than population growth in India? - ANS-Because the average resident of the United States
consumes far more resources than a resident of India
What kind of technology could be used to reduce the environmental impacts associated with
rising populations and levels of affluence? - ANS-Air pollution-control equipment
Wealthy countries often have less air pollution than poorer countries. Which of the following
statements best captures the role of affluence in environmental impacts? - ANS-When money is
invested in technologies that reduce pollution, affluence can help reduce environmental impacts
What is an ecological footprint? - ANS-A measure of the land and water area of the planet
required to support the consumption of a single person
Which of the following societies would have the largest ecological footprint? - ANS-Per capita
income of $50,000 per year with a highly industrialized economy
What is the current best estimate of how large the global population will be around 2100? -
ANS-11 billion people
If global total fertility rates dropped to 1.9 (just below replacement rates), what would happen to
the world's population over the next 50 years? - ANS-It would continue to rise because of
population momentum
What two regions will have the most population growth in the next 100 years? - ANS-Africa and
Asia
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