PJM Generator Operator Capacity Emergencies Questions And Answers Unit Startup Notification Alert Place generating units into a state of readiness (able to be brought online with 48 hours); when a reliability assessment determines long lead time generation is needed for a future period; roughly 6 days prior to day needed Maximum Generation/Load Management Alert Issued 1 or more days prior to operating day in question; to provide early alert that system conditions may require Maximum Generation Emergency (forecasted operating reserve requirement is greater than scheduled operating reserve); set up Supplementary St atus Report (but may not use till operating day is in effect) Primary Reserve Alert To alert member of the anticipated shortage of operating reserve capacity; when the estimated operating reserve is less than the forecasted primary reserve requirement What does the primary reserve consist of? Synchronized and non -synchronized reserves that can be brought online within 10 minutes Where can you view current reserve requirements on PJM.com? Data Viewer Guest Voltage Reduction Alert To alert members that a voltage reduction action may be required in a future critical period; when the estimated operating reserve capacity is less than the forecasted synchronized reserve requirement What actions are required of members for Unit Startup Notification/Max Gen Alert/Primary Reserve Alert? Notify all stations, management and key personnel; review plans to determine if any maintenance or testing can be deferred or cancelled; inform PJM of any environmentally restricted units considering the need to obtain a temporary variance from environment al regulators for specific generators to avoid load shed What actions are required of members for Voltage Reduction Alert? Notify all stations, management and key personnel; SOS members/PJM consider the issuing of Public Appeals; marketers proceed on heightened awareness of possible emergency purchases During periods of reserve deficiencies, other measures must be taken to maintain system reliability including: ‒
Loading generation that is restricted for reasons other than cost ‒Recalling non -capacity backed off -system sales ‒Purchasing emergency energy from participants / surrounding pools ‒Load relief measures Actions taken prior to entering into capacity related emergency procedures: ‒Review weather projections, load forecasts, reserve projections and generation performance ‒Ensure LMPs are reflective of system conditions ‒Curtail all non -Firm exports (issue EEA1 if not already done) ‒Dispatch may elect to implement an interchange cap to stabilize the amount of interchange during peak hours to protect against volatility Primary Reserve Requirement/Synchronized Reserve Requirement are what percentage of large single contingencies? 150% of largest single contingency; 100% of largest single contingency Primary Reserve Warning Primary Reserve is less than Primary Reserve Requirement (150% of largest single contingency) but greater than Synchronized Reserve Requirement (100% of largest single contingency) Member actions during Primary Reserve Warning: Notify all key personnel and stations; ensure all deferrable maintenance or testing is halted; prepare to load primary reserve; marketers still remain aware of emergency purchase possibility; inform PJM of environmentally restricted units Performance Assessment Interval A Capacity Performance Assessment occurs when one of eleven specific emergency procedures are initiated by PJM system operators. PJM calculates (after -the-fact) the actual performance of capacity resources evaluating real -time production versus their UCAP position, results in bonus payments or penalty charges. "How well you're doing versus what you're committed to do?" The interval means this assessment occurs every 5 minutes during the assessment period. Voltage Reduction Warning Synchronized Reserves are less than the Synchronized Reserve Requirement (100% of largest single contingency) and present operations may require a voltage reduction; all primary and secondary reserve is brought to a synchronized reserve status (but not max emergency capacity) and emergency operating capacity is scheduled from adjacent systems Member actions during Voltage Reduction Warning: Notify all key personnel and stations as well as applicable govt agencies; order all generating stations to curtail non -essential station light & power (anything that is not needed to produce MWs and MVARs on the system); Curtailment Service Providers (Pos sible Load Management Action)
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