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PCOL Prelims questions with correct answers.
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PCOL Prelims questions with correct answers.
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PCOL Prelims questions with correct answersrecognized in official pharmcop & formularies/ intended for use in diagnosis, cure or treat, mitigation, prevent disease/ other than food that affect struc of any function of the body Correct Answer-drug
Achieve a desired beneficial effect with minimal adverse effects
balance eff & tox
A rational approach combines the principles of pharmacokinetics with pharmacodynamics to understand the dose-effect relationship Correct Answer-
Goal of Therapeutics
Along a concentration gradient (higher to lower concentration)• No energy expenditure• Diffusion rate also depends on small fat unan Correct Answer-passive
diffusion
A carrier molecule combines with the drug outside the cell membrane Carrier-drug complex diffuses across the membrane
Along a concentration gradient
No energy expenditure
Can be saturated Correct Answer-Facilitated Diffusion Selective transport using specific carrier proteins
Against a concentration gradient
Requires energy expenditure Can be saturated Correct Answer-Active Transport
Fluids or particles are engulfed by the cell.
Requires energy expenditure. phago & pino Correct Answer-Endocytosis
Refers to the extent and rate at which the active moiety (drug or metabolite) enters systemic circulation, thereby accessing the site of action Correct Answer-
Bioavailability
Contain the same active compound in the same amount and meet current official standards Correct Answer-Chemical Equivalence
When given to the same patient in the same dosage regimen →equivalent concentrations of drug in plasma and tissues Correct Answer-Bioequivalence
When given to the samepatient in the samedosage regimen → sametherapeutic and
adverseeffects Correct Answer-Therapeutic Equivalence
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