Wolfer, A Practical Introduction to Real-World Research, 1e
SAGE Publishing, 2022
Chapter 1: Overview of the Research Process
Test Bank
Multiple Choice
1. Which of the following is not one of the forms of knowledge that people use to answer
the question? What can we do about social problems in society?
A. tradition
B. common sense
C. authority
D. religion
Ans: D
Learning Objective: 1-1: Identify the different sources of knowledge and how they relate
to scientific observation.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Sources of Knowledge
Difficulty Level: Easy
2. Which form of knowledge works off of the idea that this is the way it has always
been?
A. tradition
B. experience
C. common sense
D. authority
Ans: A
Learning Objective: 1-1: Identify the different sources of knowledge and how they relate
to scientific observation.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Sources of Knowledge
Difficulty Level: Easy
3. Which type of knowledge assumes that everyone’s experiences are the same?
A. tradition
B. experience
C. common sense
D. authority
Ans: B
Learning Objective: 1-1: Identify the different sources of knowledge and how they relate
to scientific observation.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Sources of Knowledge
Difficulty Level: Easy
, Wolfer, A Practical Introduction to Real-World Research, 1e
SAGE Publishing, 2022
4. When an individual uses tradition and experience combined as a source of
knowledge, they are using what type of knowledge to come to a conclusion?
A. authority
B. scientific
C. common sense
D. empirical
Ans: C
Learning Objective: 1-1: Identify the different sources of knowledge and how they relate
to scientific observation.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Sources of Knowledge
Difficulty Level: Easy
5. Knowledge is ______ when it is based on direct, observations of the world.
A. common sense
B. experience
C. empirical
D. theoretical
Ans: C
Learning Objective: 1-1: Identify the different sources of knowledge and how they relate
to scientific observation.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Sources of Knowledge
Difficulty Level: Medium
6. Which type of research advances knowledge for the sake of knowledge?
A. basic
B. applied
C. evidence-based
D. quantitative
Ans: A
Learning Objective: 1-2: Distinguish between basic and applied research.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Basic Versus Applied
Difficulty Level: Easy
7. Is the city in which you live in getting safer over time is a question for which type of
research?
A. quantitative
B. qualitative
C. applied
D. basic
Ans: D
Learning Objective: 1-2: Distinguish between basic and applied research.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Basic Versus Applied
, Wolfer, A Practical Introduction to Real-World Research, 1e
SAGE Publishing, 2022
Difficulty Level: Hard
8. When conducting research on drug abuse, the researcher wants to understand if
different treatment programs increase the success that the individual will not relapse.
What type of research is this?
A. quantitative
B. qualitative
C. applied
D. basic
Ans: C
Learning Objective: 1-2: Distinguish between basic and applied research.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Basic Versus Applied
Difficulty Level: Hard
9. A researcher wants to observe the social structure of a youth gang. When collecting
data, she is most likely to use what type of method?
A. quantitative
B. qualitative
C. applied
D. basic
Ans: B
Learning Objective: 1-3: Distinguish between qualitative and quantitative research.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Qualitative Versus Quantitative
Difficulty Level: Hard
10. Which of the following is not true of qualitative research?
A. Researchers focus on nuanced details.
B. There is an objective measure of concepts.
C. It allows for the subjects to express their own definitions.
D. Researchers can use focus groups to collect data.
Ans: B
Learning Objective: 1-3: Distinguish between qualitative and quantitative research.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Qualitative Versus Quantitative
Difficulty Level: Medium
11. ______ is concerned with objectively trying to consistently measure concepts so
that they can be numerically analyzed.
A. Exploratory research
B. Applied research
C. Quantitative research
D. Qualitative research
Ans: C
Learning Objective: 1-3: Distinguish between qualitative and quantitative research.
, Wolfer, A Practical Introduction to Real-World Research, 1e
SAGE Publishing, 2022
12. ______ research designs enable subjects to express their own definitions or views
in an unstructured, fluid way.
A. Exploratory research
B. Applied research
C. Quantitative research
D. Qualitative research
Ans: D
Learning Objective: 1-3: Distinguish between qualitative and quantitative research.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Qualitative Versus Quantitative
Difficulty Level: Easy
13. Which of the following is not true?
A. Quantitative data are usually numerical.
B. Quantitative and qualitative methods are mutually exclusive.
C. Qualitative methods are often used for exploratory research.
D. Quantitative methods are most often used for descriptive research.
Ans: B
Learning Objective: 1-3: Distinguish between qualitative and quantitative research. | 1-4:
Identify the four main research goals.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Qualitative Versus Quantitative
Difficulty Level: Hard
14. A researcher wanted to understand how effective an afterschool program was at
increasing students’ reading ability. The researcher tested the students reading ability at
the beginning of the program and then gave the students the same test at the end of the
program to see if the number of questions the students answered correctly improved.
Which type of method is the researcher most likely using?
A. quantitative
B. qualitative
C. applied
D. exploratory
Ans: A
Learning Objective: 1-3: Distinguish between qualitative and quantitative research.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Qualitative Versus Quantitative
Difficulty Level: Medium
15. If a research question begins with “Why do people fear crime if it is not visible in
their neighborhood?” the type of research most likely is ______.
A. descriptive
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