Class notes
HNMR Spectroscopy - Organic Chemistry
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- Institution
Condensed class notes from lectures about nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Includes mechanics and theory, identification, and degree of unsaturation.
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-MAGNETIC
NUCLEAR Resonance
Spectroscopy
·
I
WHA WE
VOCLEAR
KNOW ABOU ACONS
magneTre
Resource
HAS ALLOWED
Spectroscopy
FOR
BREAKTHROUGHS
is ONE of THESE
NO TEC
BREAKT
torogy
trag togof
for THE
Is - 7I
STRUCTURAL
Histo As I
DETERMINATION of
ing
HREsoltron
MOTECOLES
As Some OTHER
-
provide Molecule's compason/structure
I
it Does Idea
good
CHEMISTS Wi A a
like
rapity
Echting
X-ray .
cryserilog
Ves ,
·
THE BASIS upon WHICH NMR WORKS :
! we know tha
in Some CASES , THIS
el Mdei Have A
POSTNE
CHARGE BERg
,
THE CLEAR Arts
Composed of praxis And ver rous
3 GLRGED
VOLEi ARE
POSTNE
Change
a
CREATING MagneTr
postNE Spms On ,
o
D
m
of Aband
frgERS Rig fry
WHEN THE THE are CURLED So Tha The PONT THE SAME
man
mExre Moment . ERS N
Droectron as the Spiro The Thur wil Medicate The DrrECTron of The
miguetr
.
SPir (l)
HALf INTEGER ODD
INTEGER Even odd
NMR MEASURES FREE INDUCTION decry !
ZERO EVEN EVEN
B Sprin -z =
NOTE : Adjacen
M
hydrogen
BONdEd
E AE
AOMS ARE TO
AdjACENT AOMs
WCLEi ARE CLASSIFIED By Domic MASS And Acom Number .
NoelEi WITH And ARE THREE BONdS
Andy
from EACH OTHER
Ye Have
perfectly Spierreal Spr +
&
THE NUMBEROf
a
=
I =
ALLOWED STATES
charge
.
Spr .
Ja ExtEr ne Feld
AlgorsELY
Heelers
migrette
↳S ZI + 1 Mo
grew By
.
,
an ar 2
Bo
Wr The field parallel or .
B
Against
Or
or
, antiparallel ,
a
THE AE Between d and B States is Sma However AE
get larger
.
, we Can a
By Frid Than
usmaestranger Magnete
There dre
slightily
. more recei in & State state sorce
& STATE OS THE LOWER
Energy
-
of
Frequency Equal
WHEN Em Radiation a AE 1 CHEMICAL Shift WHERE THE RESONANCE Is On THE Os
REPORTE
The
w llEi are Exposed To To
,
some SPECTRUM .
from for A of presson
of the reclEi Are ExcrEd L To B STATE THES .
Spi-ferp Frequency is CALLED The in
part per Mulron (PPM) and MES CONSTAN
grew "Type"
.
Resource
Frequency
. As THE NUCLEi RELAT Back To
ground
STATE,
THEY EMP Ar NMR
SIGNAL
. THE THIS CAN ALSO BE AffECTED
By
:
decay Surround
SHIELDMY/DESHIELDMG
Process free induction 2 WHEN ELECTROms THE melEus also
g
Called
is .
. is
carcated produce a Smart field oppoSME THE AppliED frELd THE ELECTRONS
magnetr
TO .
H-NMR SPECTRA
Analyzing
SITELd THE from feld WHEN
Extremely
magnetic
NoclEns The Exterior .
ACOMS ARE NEARBY THEY CAN CAUSE THE ELECTRON JENSMY SHI
ELECTRONEGAINE
, TO
Compound "H
REFERENCE is TMS SiCH3 + Effectrely deShielding The redEus .
Field Electrons of Aromate
Ring
Un A
magnetic
CORNE As A
3
Rig
,
averEns
He
Go
field And Causes a
desHiElding
Si THIS CREMES Effe
Magnetic
MS O u r
idental
from Alkenes
Moy/dESHiElding
SHIELD Effects &
:
THE
Carbony
O DEPEND On THE ORIENTATION
C C
of THE
Hydrogen .
THIS Is CALLED
AlkynE
m ua
c n
n n a m
e
s o m
n oe o
enn e
Amastropy
Magnetic
- -
zu - - - - - -
-
ALKENE
3 MOLECCAR
SHIELdEd CONNECTIMY
Coupling
DESHiEldEd - MORE .
Spro-Spi occurs
doe frelds of -
magnetic Merry mechei
weak
Spirss
to . M
dOESN TELL
WHAT us :
of
AdjACENTHy
drog
THES MA Ens TO SEVERAL SMALLER PEARS THE DISTANCE BETWEEN THESE SMALLER PEAks
FEATURE of SPECTRUM
g
o
.
info ABOUT Molecule
Carbonyl
(J)
He IS THE
COUPLING
CONSTANT WHA DECREASES AS BONDS
SEPARATING
THE ACOMS INCREASES .
of
Mary Types of proons
unsaturation
Number -
How
Signals
·
3
Each
cupine OFCISATURATION : rig
of PEAk of Eselt or DECREASES
Hydrogenes
How
Inegrerow Mary
·
DEGREE
Type
SHAPE of NMR PEAR #ABY2
NeigArsoveming proxons
·
DoV 20 + 2 + N H
-Shielding/deshrelding
·
Chemiere SHifT = -
X -
⑮ ~
# of
Horogens
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