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Midwifery Exam Practice/127 Questions with Complete Solutions
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Midwifery Exam Practice/127 Questions with Complete Solutions
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Midwifery Exam Practice/127Questions with Complete Solutions
What is the first stage of the menstrual cycle (that lasts 4-7 days) known as? - -Menstrual Cycle -What is the second stage of the menstrual cycle (lasting 8-13 days) known as? - -Follicular Phase -What is the third stage of the menstrual cycle, occurring at day 14, known as? - -Ovulatory Phase -What is the final stage of the menstrual cycle known as? - -Luteal Phase -What occurs during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle? - -FSH causes follicle maturation in the ovary. Increased oestrogen causes the endometrium to thicken and become a nourishing environment for a potential pregnancy. -Define Ovulation - -A period of heightened hormones where a dominant follicle releases an egg into a Fallopian tube. -Which hormone is responsible for ovulation? - -LH (Luteinizing Hormone) -What happens during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle? - -Oestrogen
decreases, progesterone increases due to the corpus luteum. -What happens during the menstrual phase of the menstrual cycle? - -
Oestrogen and progesterone decrease and the endometrial lining is shed. -How long is an egg viable for following ovulation? - -1 day -What happens if an egg is not fertilised? - -Progesterone decreases, corpus
luteum is reabsorbed and FSH causes new follicles to start maturing. -Define capacitation - -The protective covering of the acrosome of the sperm is removed. -What sort of reaction begins when a sperm comes into contact with an egg?
- -Cortical reaction - cortical granules block any other sperm from entering the egg -How many chromosomes does a zygote contain? - -46, in 23 homologous pairs -How many cells does the merula have? - -8 to 16 -How many cells does the blastocyst have? - -16 to 32 -How many days after ovulation can implantation occur? - -6 to 10 days -Define decidualisation - -Progesterone increases, creating a hospitable environment for the developing fetus. -What are trophoblasts? - -Cells on the outer layer of the blastocyst -What are integrins? - -Cell adhesion molecules that work in implantation. -What is the chorion? - -Fetal part of placenta made out of trophoblast cells -Which hormone causes skin pigmentation in pregnancy? - -Pituitary melanin-stimulating hormone -What is the linea nigra? - -Abdominal midline -What is striae gravidarum? - -Stretch marks -What is choloasma? - -'Mask of pregnancy' which is a tan or dark skin discoloration. -What hormones cause SPD? - -Increased relaxin and progesterone -What causes backache in pregnancy? - -Increased progesterone and relaxin that relaxes the sacroiliac joint. -How does the vagina change in pregnancy? - -Increased vascularity resulting in purple/red discoloration -What is Jacquemier's sign of pregnancy? - -Vagina and cervix may appear purple/blue due to increased blood supply -What is Osiander's sign of pregnancy? - -Pulse located in the lateral vaginal
fornix which indicates pregnancy -What is the function of the cervical mucus plug? - -Protect the fetus from any ascending infections -What is an ectropion? - -Purple/red discoloration of the cervix
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