1200 HESI QUESTIONS PEDIATRICS EXAM VERSION BPediatrics Exam - Version B 1.The nurse is preparing to catheterize an 8-year-old child. Before starting the procedure, which action should the nurse take first?
A. Obtain the parent's cooperation before initiating the procedure. B. Explain to the child...
1.The nurse is preparing to catheterize an 8-year-old child. Before starting the procedure, which action should the nurse
take first?
A. Obtain the parent's cooperation before initiating the procedure.
B. Explain to the child and the parents that the procedure needs to be done.
C. After talking with the parents about the procedure, ask them to leave the room.
D. Provide the child with privacy by conducting the procedure in the treatment room.
An 8-year-old uses concrete operational thought (Piaget), can cooperate, and should be included in
the plan of care (B). (A) is indicated for a pre-school aged child, and does not acknowledge the
school-aged child's cognitive ability. (C and D) may be needed, but should occur after (B).
Points Earned: 0/1
Correct Answer: B
Your
Response: D
2.
Which neurological test should the nurse implement to assess cerebellar function in a 5-year-
old with symptoms of hyperactivity?
A. Finger-to-nose.
B. Quadriceps reflex.
C. Two-point discrimination.
D. Ability to follow directions.
The cerebellum controls balance and coordination and is significant in children with symptoms of
hyperactivity or learning difficulty, so difficulty in performing a finger-to-nose test (A) indicates poor
sense of position (especially with the eyes closed) and incoordination (especially with the eyes
opened). Superficial reflexes (B), sensory discrimination (C), and ability to follow directions (D) are
aspects of a neurologic examination but do not test cerebellar function.
Points Earned: 0/1
Correct Answer: A
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, Your Response: C
3. An infant with developmental dysplasia of the hip is placed in a Pavlik harness. What instructions should the nurse
include in a teaching plan for the parents?
A. Apply lotion or powder to minimize skin irritation.
B. Put clothing over harness for maximum effectiveness.
Check for red areas under the straps three times a day.
.
D.Use a thin absorbent disposable diaper over the harness.
The Pavlik harness, which maintains the hips in abduction, is the most widely used device for
developmental dysplasia of the hip. An infant who continuously wears a Pavlik harness is at risk for
skin breakdown, so parents should be instructed to check two to three times a day for red areas
under clothing and harness straps (C). Lotions and powders (A) can cake or irritate the skin and
should be avoided. To avoid direct contact with the skin, clothing and diapers should be placed
under the straps (B and D).
Points Earned: 1/1
Correct Answer: C
Your Response: C
4.Which research finding provides evidence-based practice for an infant's risk for sudden infant death syndrome
(SIDS)?
A. Breastfeeding reduces the risk for and the incidence of SIDS.
B. Infants should be positioned supine or supported laterally to sleep.
C. The prone position should be used when an infant sleeps after feeding.
D. The peak incidence occurs between the ages of 1 and 2 months.
Research has shown that placing babies on their backs for sleep reduces the risk of SIDS (B).
Although breastfeeding is recommended to boost neonatal immunity, (A) is unrelated to SIDS. A
population-based study found the prone sleep position (C) was associated with twice (2.4% odds
ratio) the rate of SIDS compared with infants placed nonprone to sleep. SIDS remains the third
leading cause of death in children between the ages of 1 month and 1 year, not (D).
Points Earned: 0/1
Correct Answer: B
Your Response: D
5. During the well-child assessment of an 18-month-old male toddler, the nurse determines the child does not walk
while holding on to furniture but prefers to crawl, rarely speaks, has a flat affect, and is small for his age. Which
nursing diagnosis should the nurse formulate?
A. Alteration in nutrition.
B. Alteration in parenting.
C. Delayed growth and development.
D. Alteration in health maintenance.
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, This child does not demonstrate gross motor or psychosocial skills typical of an 18-month-old
toddler, which best supports delayed growth and development (C). Additional information about the
child's growth parameters is needed to support (A, B, or D).
Points Earned: 0/1
Correct Answer: C
Your Response: A
6. A 4-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department by his parent, who reports that the child has been
pointing at his stomach and saying, "It hurts so bad." Which pain-assessment tool should the nurse use?
A. Descriptor Scale.
B. Brief Pain Inventory.
C. A numeric rating scale.
D. Wong-Baker FACES Scale.
A pain rating scale using pictures, such as the Wong-Baker FACES Scale (D), allows the child to
choose a facial expression that shows how much hurt you have now and should be used for a
preschool-aged child. (A, B, and C) are used for older children who are able to conceptualize pain
using a number or descriptive narratives.
Points Earned: 0/1
Correct
Answe
r: D
Your
Respon
se:
7.The parents of a child with Asperger's disorder asks the nurse to explain the differences between Asperger's
and autism. Which information should the nurse
share with the parents about Asperger's disorder that is not characteristic in autism?
A. Obsession with moving objects.
B. Repetitive patterns of behavior.
C
Age-appropriate language development.
.
D.Stereotypic movements and speech patterns.
Communication is not delayed in Asperger's disorder (C), but impaired communication with delays
of spoken language is characteristic of autism. Asperger's disorder has many characteristics also
found in autistic disorder, such as self-injurious behavior, behaviors that lead to social impairment
(A), and restrictive, repetitive forms of behaviors (B and D).
Points Earned: 0/1
Correct Answer: C
Your Response: C
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