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BIOL 2320 FINAL EXAM PREP NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE
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BIOL 2320 FINALEXAM PREP
NUTRITIONAL
SCIENCE
2023/2024
,● Which digestive disorder occurs when gluten triggers an immune response that
damages the villi of the small intestine?
○ Celiac
● Match the digestive system organ with its function
○ Stomach - Secretes acid...
○ Gallbladder - Stores bile and releases…
○ Pancreas - Releases bicarbonate..
○ Large Intestine - Absorbs water and...
● Fiber retains water, thus when adequate fiber and fluids are consumed, feces
have a higher water content and are more easily & quickly passed.
○ True
● The AMDR (Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range) set for CHO intake is:
○ 45-65% kcals from CHO
● The body's storage form of carbohydrate is:
○ glycogen
● A young woman is advised to eat how many grams of fiber each day?
○ 25
● The primary function of carbohydrates is to:
○ Provide energy to body cells
● Which of the following statements is not true regarding glucose?
○ it is the most common disaccharide in our diet
● Major natural fructose sources include:
○ Fruits and honey
● Dietary fibers primarily are
○ Polysaccharides
● Where is glycogen stored in the body?
○ Muscles and liver
● Which of the following is a feature of diabetes?
○ Many people with type 2 diabetes are obese
● Match the type of diabetes with the relevant description.
, ○ Type 1 Diabetes - Pancreas doesn't produce enough insulin
○ Type 2 Diabetes - Most common type
○ Gestational Diabetes - Characterized by elevated blood glucose
● Lisa is 22 years old and consuming 1,600 kcals/day, 18 grams of fiber per day
and 20% of her total calories from added sugar. Which of the statements below is
true?
○ She is not meeting the DRI for fiber
● Matt knows he should consume 2,000 calories per day, but he doesn't know how
many total grams of carbohydrate per day he should consume to meet 60%
calories from carbohydrate recommendation. Choose the correct answer.
○ 300 g of CHO (0.6% x 2,000 kcal)/ 4 kcal/g CHOlacto
● In all cases of diabetes, the primary diagnosis is a(n) caused by an
inadequate supply or ineffective utilization of insulin.
● Elevated blood glucose level
● Dietary fibers primarily are
○ Polysaccharides
● For which of the following is glucose most critical as an energy source?
○ brain
● A young woman is advised to eat how many grams of fiber each day?
○ 25
● Dietary Guidelines & MyPlate specify that ½ of grain consumption should be from
whole grain sources. Which of the following is not a whole grain?
○ Flour tortillas
● Which of the following would not promote a healthy intestinal microbiota
○ Antibiotics
● Accessory organs in the digestive system include all of the following except:
○ Kidneys
● Match the digestive disorder with possible treatments.
○ Heartburn - avoid overeating and remain upright after eating
○ Peptic ulcers - Antibiotic, antacids, reduce use of anti-inflammatory drugs
○ Diarrhea - Fluid and electrolyte replacement
○ Constipation - Increase fiber and fluid intake
● Benefits of a healthy intestinal microbiota include all of the following except
○ Promotes growth of disease causing bacteria
● Lactose digesting enzyme is called
○ Lactase
● Which of the following statements is not true regarding glucose?
○ it is the most common disaccharide in our diet
● Where is glycogen stored in the body?
○ muscles and liver
● The AMDR (Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range) set for CHO intake is:
○ 45-65% kcals from CHO
● Match the function with the type of fiber.
, ○ Decreases blood cholesterol levels - soluble fiber
○ Helps prevent hemorrhoids and constipation - insoluble fiber
○ Slows gastric emptying - soluble fiber
● The body's storage form of carbohydrate is:
○ Glycogen
● The primary function of carbohydrates is to:
○ provide energy to body cells
● The type of carbohydrate which circulates in the blood is:
○ Glucose
● What is the percent calories from CHO in the taco with 158 total kcals and 14 grams of
CHO?
○ 35% (14 g x 4 kcal/g)/158 kcal = 35%
● Into which transport network do fat-soluble substances enter immediately after absorption?
○ the lymphatic system
● Which combination is not a common dietary disaccharide?
○ sucrose + sucrose
● The digestion of sucrose (table sugar) results in what two monosaccharides?
○ fructose & glucose
● Glycogen is
○ A highly branched polysaccharide
● Diabetes produces an increased risk of all except:
○ Cancer
● Which is true about glucagon?
○ glucagon is a hormone made by the pancreas; it helps raise blood glucose levels.
● Foods such as baked potatoes, French bread, and corn flakes are good sources of a number
of nutrients although they are considered foods.
○ high glycemic index
● Starch and dietary fiber are classified as
○ Complex carbohydrates
● The amount of rise in blood glucose concentration immediately following
consumption of a specific food is called
○ the glycemic index.
● A diseased gallbladder can interfere with
○ fat digestion
● Into what region of the intestinal tract does the stomach empty?
○ Duodenum
● Match the function with the type of fiber.
○ Decreases blood cholesterol levels: Soluble fibers
○ Helps prevent hemorrhoids and constipation: Insoluble fibers
● Slows gastric empting: Soluble fibers
● The digestion of sucrose (table sugar) results in what two monosaccharides?
○ fructose & glucose
● Starch and dietary fiber are classified as
○ complex carbohydrates.
● Which pair of terms does not represent a macronutrient type followed by the
molecules produced by complete digestion of that macronutrient?
- carbohydrate/starch
● Which letter in this illustration points to the organ in which peristalsis is slow and
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