ENPC Respiratory Test Exam with Complete Solutions Graded A+
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ENPC
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ENPC
ENPC Respiratory Test Exam with Complete Solutions Graded A+
Anatomical and physiological features of the pediatric airway? - Correct Answer large tongue relative to size of oropharynx
obligate nose breathers
smaller airway diameter
cricoid cartilage narrowest area
larynx more anterior and cep...
anatomical and physiological features of pediatric
what age is the respiratory
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ENPC Respiratory Test Exam with Complete
Solutions Graded A+
Anatomical and physiological features of the pediatric airway? - Correct Answer large tongue relative to
size of oropharynx
obligate nose breathers
smaller airway diameter
cricoid cartilage narrowest area
larynx more anterior and cephalad
cartilaginous larynx
short neck and short trachea
What is normal respiratory rate for the 5 pediatric age groups? - Correct Answer infant (1-12 months) -
30-60
toddler (1-3 years) - 24-40
preschooler (3-5 years) - 22-34
school age (5-11 years) - 18-30
adolescent (11-18 years) - 12-16
What is the narrowest area of the pediatric airway? - Correct Answer the crichoid cartilage - provides
anatomical seal for uncuffed or cuffless ETT in children younger than 8 years old
Anatomical and physiological features of pediatric breathing? - Correct Answer compensatory
mechanisms less effective
higher metabolic rate
respiratory rate varies with age
thin chest wall
cartilaginous sternum and ribs
poorly developed intercostal muscles
diaphragm positioned flat
ribs horizontally oriented
, fewer smaller alveoli
What age is the respiratory system considered fully developed? - Correct Answer 8 years old
Most common chronic childhood illness? - Correct Answer asthma, affects 9.3% of children
Do pediatrics have a higher or lower metabolic rate? - Correct Answer higher - results in more rapid
respiratory rate and less efficient use of oxygen and glucose. In addition, other symptoms, such as fever
or anxiety, may further increase metabolic rate
A pulse ox reading of less than ____ at sea level is indicative of respiratory compromise? - Correct
Answer 92%, exceptions include children with uncorrected congenital heart defects
How to estimate ETT size for pediatrics age 1-10? - Correct Answer uncuffed - (age/4)+4, cuffed -
(age/4)+3.5
CO2 monitors may not be effective if the child is less than ____? - Correct Answer 2kg
The esophageal detector may be considered for confirmation of tracheal tube placement in children
weighing ___? - Correct Answer more than 20kg. It is unreliable in children younger than 1 year
The appropriate depth of insertion of an ETT can be estimated by the following formula? - Correct
Answer internal tube diameter x3.
Studies show that the use of the length based resuscitation tape to determine depth of the ETT is the
most accurate method
An excess of either of these 2 substances causes a direct excitatory effect on the respiratory center,
resulting in increased rate of ventilation? - Correct Answer increased PaCO2 or increased H+
Most common cause of respiratory distress and failure in the pediatric patient? - Correct Answer upper
or lower airway obstructive disorders
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