NR 283 Patho Test Final
Chapter 4
Pain
1. According to the gate-control theory, passage of pain impulses may be naturally
blocked:
a. at the synapse by entry of other sensory impulses.
b. by the stress response.
c. by administration of morphine directly into the spinal cord.
d. by referring the pain to other parts of the body.
ANS: A REF: 55
2. What is the term used to describe the degree of pain that is endured before an
individual takes action?
a. Pain threshold
b. Referred pain
c. Phantom pain
d. Pain tolerance
ANS: D REF: 55
3. What is the definition of endorphins?
a. Neurotransmitters at the nociceptors
b. Transmitters for sensory impulses
c. Opiate-like blocking agents in the central nervous system
d. Pain-causing chemical mediators
ANS: C REF: 57
4. The impulses related to acute pain are usually transmitted by:
a. nociceptors.
b. myelinated A delta fibers.
c. unmyelinated C fibers.
d. any sensory fiber with a low pain threshold.
,ANS: B REF: 55
5. In which structure do pain impulses ascend the spinal cord?
a. Reticular formation
b. Corticospinal tract
c. Spinothalamic tract
d. Relevant dermatome
ANS: C REF: 55
6. Pain perceived in the left arm during the course of a heart attack is an example of:
a. referred pain.
b. phantom pain.
c. chronic pain.
d. subjective pain response.
ANS: A REF: 57
7. A headache that is related to changes in cerebral blood flow is classified as a/an
headache.
a. tension
b. sinus
c. migraine
d. intracranial
ANS: C REF: 60
8. What is a common analgesic administered to control a moderate level of pain?
a. Meperidine
b. Acetaminophen
c. Codeine
d. Ibuprofen
ANS: C REF: 62
,9. Which of the following applies to spinal anesthesia?
a. It causes analgesia with loss of consciousness.
b. The drug is injected into cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or the epidural space of the spinal cord.
c. The drug stimulates release of endorphins in the spinal cord.
d. The transmission of pain impulses is blocked in a small area of the body.
ANS: B REF: 62
10.Which of the following is a characteristic of acute pain but not of chronic pain?
a. Depression and debilitation
b. A perception of increased generalized pain and discomfort
c. Fatigue and lower pain tolerance
d. Severe but short term
ANS: D REF: 55-57
11.What is the role of nociceptors? They are:
a. pain receptors that are stimulated by thermal, chemical, or physical means.
b. spinal nerves that conduct impulses from specific areas of the skin.
c. responsible for the state of arousal with pain.
d. useful in localizing pain to a specific area of the body.
ANS: A REF: 54
12.Intractable pain is best defined as:
a. pain that is perceived as occurring in an amputated limb.
b. severe pain that cannot be controlled by medication.
c. pain perceived as coming from a source other than the actual source.
d. pain coming from a specific dermatome.
ANS: B REF: 62
13.Which of the following statements is TRUE?
a. The brain is more aware of pain impulses when the reticular activating system is depressed.
, b. Acute pain does not cause a reflex response at the spinal cord synapses.
c. Young infants typically respond to pain with tachycardia and increased blood pressure.
d. Chronic pain is easier to tolerate without negative effects.
ANS: C REF: 57
14.Ibuprofen is classified as an NSAID and is particularly useful in treating:
a. severe pain.
b. pain caused by inflammation.
c. intracranial pain.
d. pain in young infants.
ANS: B REF: 61
15.Which of the following analgesics acts to reduce pain at the peripheral site?
a. Acetaminophen
b. Morphine
c. Codeine
d. Intravenous general anesthesia
ANS: A REF: 61
16.Cancer-related pain has been broken down into three basic categories: pain
caused by the advance of the disease and resultant damage to the body, pain that
is the result of a coexisting disease unrelated to the cancer, and:
a. phantom pain as a result of amputation.
b. pain associated with the treatment of the disease.
c. pain caused by emotional stress and metabolic changes.
d. pain associated with damage to the peripheral nerves.
ANS: B REF: 61
17.Pain that is caused by trauma or disease involving the peripheral nerves is referred to
as:
a. neuropathic pain.
b. central pain.
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