NUR 163, Exam 1 Hondros Latest 2023 with complete
solution
Primary Prevention
prevention (flu vaccine)
Secondary Prevention
Catch the disease/diagnose (yearly physical exam)
Tertiary Prevention
Treating/stopping progression (Cardiac rehab)
Benefits of diet
Better health, disease prevention, healing (in Diabetics-biggest factor affecting
compliance is motivation)
Benefits of exercise
keeps joints flexible, maintain muscle, decrease BS level, heart health, decrease
weight, increase sense of well-being
Types of exercise
weight bearing is beneficial (prevents osteoporosis), swimming easy on joints,
Exercise length
must be 30 minutes to be beneficial
Tobacco cessation
decreases risk for cancer, decreases cardiovascular issues
Alcohol
ok in moderation-unless medically unsafe, AA can help stopping
Benefits of physical exams and preventive care
yearly exams, identify problems early,
physical exam
should include BMI, BP and bone mineral density
Benefits of dental exams/preventive oral care
identify dental caries, need for dentures?,
Oral Care for elderly
need to use toothpaste with fluoride
Benefit of maintaining a healthy attitude
decreases depression, decreases isolation, must have interactions with people
Benefits of religious beliefs
promote good health practices
Benefits of cultural beliefs
affects dietary consumption, can be non beneficial
Issues with knowledge and motivation
pt loses spouse, may not be motivated to care for self
Benefits of mobility
keeps joints mobile and pt in good health
perception of aging
if pt has positive perception, they have a better chance of having positive results
benefits of sleep
better mood, cognition, less falls and accidents
, urinary continence
risk for skin breakdown, social issues,etc.
health scams
dangerous to elderly, provides info that puts them at risk
Safety when discharging a pt
find out how may stairs there are to kitchen, bathroom, bed?
unpaid caregivers
Give positive feedback to them, the pt needs them
pneumonia vaccines
65 years old and less , 13 once then 23 one year later. High risk pt get them q 10 yrs
until 65, then done.
tone of voice
should be low and not loud, even.
body language
"i'm fine." Don't always take that at face value, dig deeper. Sit with them and ask
questions.
gestures
don't overdo
facial expressions
keep them positive
eye contact
face to face, on same level
speed of conversation
don't talk too fast or too slow
timing
wait for an answer and keep eye contact
touch
if vision or hearing impaired, use light caring touch
silence
let it be, give it time
empathy
you can put yourself in their shoes, active listening, trying to see things from their
perspective
informing
verify information before telling pt or family members
direct questioning
"May I insert this catheter for a urine specimen?" or "I need to ask you some questions if
I may"
Open-ended questions
a good technique to use
Therapeutic communication
1. depends upon empathetic listening
2. assess for and correct communication barriers
3. utilize a variety of communication techniques
4. depends on the information you exchange
5. using medical terms can be a barrier
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