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Galvanic cell
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Voltaic CellA voltaic Cell is the Cell which convert electrical energy into chemical energy and chemical energy
into electrical energy.
Eg: If you are charging a mobile phone using electricity then this energy is stored as a chemical
energy but when we use charged mobile phone for playing games then this chemical energy is
converted into electrical energy. Please note that conversion of chemical energy into electrical
energy is spontaneous process( occur itself) but changing electrical energy into chemical energy is
non spontaneous process. For that non spontaneous process we required some external resource
so this source is voltaic Cell.
Principle
Electric work done by a galvanic cell is due to the Gibbs energy of spontaneous redox reaction in
the voltaic cell. It consists of two half cells and a salt bridge.
Working:
when an electrode is exposed to the electrolyte at the electrode-electrolyte interface, the atoms of
the metal electrode have a tendency to generate ions in the electrolyte solution leaving behind the
electrons at the electrode. Which makes metal electrode negatively charged.
While at the same time metal ions in the electrolyte solution too, have a tendency to deposit on a
metal electrode. Thus, making the electrode positively charged
Out of two electrodes, the electrode at which oxidation takes place is called anode while the
electrode at which reduction takes place is called cathode.
The anode has a negative potential with respect to the solution while the cathode has a positive
potential with respect to the solution.
Thus, a potential difference develops between two electrodes of the galvanic cell. This potential
difference is known as cell potential and when no current is drawn from the galvanic cell, cell
potential is known as the electromotive force of the galvanic cell.
When the switch is set on, due to the potential difference, electrons flow from the negative electrode
to the positive electrode.
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