Contents
Logic 8
Express Terms – Identification (1) 8
By Signature 8
I – THE EFFECT OF SIGNATURE 8
L‟Estrange v F Graucob Ltd [1934] 2 KB 394 8
II – EXCEPTIONS TO THE SIGNATURE RULE 9
Curtis v Chemical Cleaning & Dyeing [1951] 1 KB 805 10
Toll (FGCT) v Alphapharm (2004) 219 CLR...
Contents
Logic ......................................................................................................................................... 8
Express Terms – Identification (1) .................................................................................. 8
By Signature ........................................................................................................................... 8
I – THE EFFECT OF SIGNATURE .......................................................................... 8
L‟Estrange v F Graucob Ltd [1934] 2 KB 394 .................................................. 8
II – EXCEPTIONS TO THE SIGNATURE RULE .............................................. 9
Curtis v Chemical Cleaning & Dyeing [1951] 1 KB 805 ............................ 10
Toll (FGCT) v Alphapharm (2004) 219 CLR 165 .........................................11
III – CRITICISM OF THE RULE .........................................................................13
By Notice .......................................................................................................................... 13
I – TIMING .............................................................................................................................. 14
Oceanic Sun Line Special Shipping Company v Fay (1988) 165 CLR 197. 14
II – KNOWLEDGE/NOTICE ........................................................................................ 16
Thornton v Shoe Lane Parking [1971] 2 QB 163 .........................................17
III – UNUSUAL TERMS ........................................................................................... 19
Baltic Shipping Co v Dillon (“The Mikhail Lermontov”) (1991) 22 NSWLR
1 ...................................................................................................................20
By Course of Dealing ................................................................................................... 21
Rinaldi & Patroni v Precision Mouldings (1986) WAR 131 .........................22
Balmain New Ferry v Robertson (1906) 4 CLR 379 ....................................23
Express Terms – Identification (2) ................................................................................ 24
Parol Evidence Rule ..................................................................................................... 24
I – DETERMINING WHETHER A CONTRACT IS WHOLLY WRITTEN. 24
State Rail Authority of NSW v Heath Outdoor (1986) 7 NSWLR 170 .........25
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Revision notes (Distinction) 2022
II – EXCEPTIONS TO THE PAROL EVIDENCE RULE .................................27
Hoyt‟s v Spencer (1919) 27 CLR 133 .................................................................. 28
Saleh v Romanous [2010] NSWCA 274 ......................................................... 29
III – PRE-CONTRACTUAL STATEMENTS......................................................... 31
Equuscorp v Glengallan Investments (2004) 218 CLR 271 ........................33
JJ Savage & Sons v Blakney (1970) 119 CLR 435 .......................................34
Oscar Chess v Williams [1957] 1 WLR 370 .................................................35
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Revision notes (Distinction) 2022
Dick Bentley Productions v Harold Smith (Motors) [1965] 2 All ER 65 ..... 36
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Revision notes (Distinction) 2022
Express Terms – Construction ......................................................................................... 37
Principles of Construction ........................................................................................ 37
Parol Evidence Rule ..................................................................................................... 38
I– SURROUNDING CIRCUMSTANCES ............................................................ 38
Western Export Services v Jireh International [2011] HCA 45 ...................39
Electricity Generation Corporation v Woodside Energy Ltd (2014) 251
CLR 640 ......................................................................................................41
Mount Bruce Mining Pty Ltd v Wright Prospecting Pty Ltd [2015] HCA 37
................................................................................................................................................. 41
II – APPLICATION OF PRINCIPLES ................................................................... 44
Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust v South Sydney City Council
(2002) 240 CLR 45......................................................................................44
Pacific Carriers v BNP Paribas (2004) 218 CLR 451...................................46
Exemption Clauses ............................................................................................................. 48
III – CONTRA PREFERENTUM ............................................................................ 48
Darlington Futures v Delco Aust (1986) 161 CLR 500................................48
IV – NEGLIGENCE ......................................................................................................... 50
Davis v Pearce Parking Station (1954) 91 CLR 642 ....................................50
V – FOUR CORNERS ................................................................................................. 52
Thomas National Transport (Melbourne) Pty Ltd v May & Baker
(Australia) Pty Ltd (1966) 115 CLR 353 ......................................................52
Implied Terms ......................................................................................................................... 53
Implied In Fact ............................................................................................................... 54
Byrne v Australian Airlines; Frew v Australian Airlines (1995) 185 CLR
410 ..............................................................................................................56
Codelfa Construction v State Rail Authority of NSW (1982) 149 CLR 337 59
Implied In Law ............................................................................................................... 61
University of Western Australia v Gray (2009) 179 FCR 346 .....................61
Implied From Custom ................................................................................................. 63
Con-Stan Industries of Aust v Norwich Winterthur Ins (Aust) (1986) 160
CLR 226 ......................................................................................................63
Australian Consumer Law (ACL) ................................................................................ 64
Overview of ACL Provisions .......................................................................................... 64
INTRODUCTION TO ACL ........................................................................................ 64
CHAPTER 2 – GENERAL PROTECTIONS .......................................................... 65
Part 2 – 1: Misleading or Deceptive Conduct (ss 18-19) ......................... 65
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