Physics note on ATOMIC STRUCTURE . ATOMS, ISOTOPES,IONS IGCSE/A Level/IB Physics Notes
TABLE OF CONTENTS, NUMBER OF PAGES 8
(1)Definition of Atom
(2)The structure of the atom
(3)What are Atoms made of?
(4)What is Nuclear Mass?
(5)Features of Dalton’s Atomic Theory
(6)Molecule Definition
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Author of this note Mr K. Prasad BSc from University of Calicut, MSc
from university of Delhi, and M.B.A from IGNOU Delhi,
These notes were prepared during my teaching session for High school
students and (11th and 12th class) of my school Physics Department.
I declare that these notes are my original works based on my knowledge
in Physics and the books mentioned below are the reference books I
used for preparing these notes.
TABLE OF CONTENTS, NUMBER OF PAGES 8
(1)Definition of Atom
(2)The structure of the atom
(3)What are Atoms made of?
(4)What is Nuclear Mass?
(5)Features of Dalton’s Atomic Theory
(6)Molecule Definition
(7)Examples of Molecules
(8)Forces between Atoms and Molecules
, Definition of Atom
An atom is the basic building block of chemistry. It is the smallest unit into which
matter can be divided without the release of electrically charged particles. It also is
the smallest unit of matter that has the characteristic properties of a chemical
element.
Molecules comprise of at least one molecules bound together by covalent (chemical)
bonds. Atoms might be portrayed by circle shapes, every one of which has a nucleus
at the center (containing protons and neutrons), encompassed by at least one
concentric circle addressing the 'shells' or 'levels' where the electrons encompassing
the core of the atom are found and markings demonstrating the electron.at each
level. A molecule is the smallest thing a substance can be partitioned into while
continuing as before substance. It is comprised of at least two particles that are
bound together by chemical bonding.
The structure of the atom
An atom is the smallest unit of matter that retains all of the chemical properties of an
element. For example, a gold coin is simply a very large number of gold atoms
moulded into the shape of a coin, with small amounts of other, contaminating
elements. Gold atoms cannot be broken down into anything smaller while still
retaining the properties of gold. A gold atom gets its properties from the tiny
subatomic particles it's made up of.
An atom comprises of two regions. The first is the atomic nucleus, which is in the
focal point of the atom and contains decidedly charged particles called protons and
unbiased, uncharged, particles called neutrons. The second, a lot bigger, district of
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