This aesthetic, in-depth, neatly typed document summarises Section E of the IEB Grade 12 Chemistry syllabus: Acids & Bases. This document includes the full Section E syllabus, all definitions, additional class notes, own research notes and all relevant diagrams.
à only 1 acidic proton
CH3COOH is a monoprotic acid (Only donates 1 proton)
• (COOH)2 : Oxalic acid:
Ã
Ã
, (COOH)2 is a diprotic acid (Donates 2 protons)
after donating protons:
: CH3COO¡ = Ethanoate ion
: C2O4¡2 = Oxalate ion
Strong bases:
(Group 1 metal hydroxides)
LiOH, NaOH, KOH
Weak bases:
(Ammonia solution, metal carbonates and metal hydrogen carbonates)
HCO
H 2O
¡
; Al3+ ; N a+ ; CO32¡ ; M g 2+ (N H3(aq) or N H4OH(aq) )
(ammonia solution)
accepted donated
proton proton
I t ¡
N H3(g) + H2O(l) « N H4+(aq) + OH(aq)
molecules ions
Ionisation: The creation of a molecular substance with water to produce ions
• Dissolve KOH in water: Dissociation
2 HO + ¡
KOH(s) ! K(aq) + OH(aq)
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