Patho NR 283 exam 1 (Review 2022 with complete solution)
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Patho NR 283
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Patho NR 283
In regards to chromosomal mutation, nondisjunction is known as what? - ANSWER Failure of homologous chromosomes to separate during cell division
What is an example of an autosomal-dominant disease? - ANSWER Huntington's disease
What is an example of an autosomal-recessive disease? - ANSWER Cy...
patho nr 283 exam 1 review 2022 with complete solution
in regards to chromosomal mutation
nondisjunction is known as what
what is an example of an autosomal dominant disease
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Patho NR 283 exam 1
In regards to chromosomal mutation, nondisjunction is known as what? - ANSWER
Failure of homologous chromosomes to separate during cell division
What is an example of an autosomal-dominant disease? - ANSWER Huntington's
disease
What is an example of an autosomal-recessive disease? - ANSWER Cystic fibrosis
What is an example of an X-linked condition? - ANSWER Red - green color blindness
What is an example of multifactorial inheritance? - ANSWER Pyloric stenosis
Knowing physiologic signs of injury you might expect the following system is consistent
with systemic manifestations of cellular injury during a myocardial infarction (select all
that apply)
A. Elevated aspartate
aminotransferase (AST/SGOT)
C. Increased leukocytes
D. Pain
E. Increase heart rate
F. Fever
G. Elevated Creatinine Kinase
H. Elevated alanin aminostransferase (ALT/SGPT) - ANSWER A. elevated aspartate
aminotransferase
C. increased leukocytes
E. increased HR
G. elevated creatinine kinase
H. elevated alanin aminostransferase
The nurse teaching an elderly client about the aging process includes which changes
that occur as part of the normal aging process? (select all that apply)
A. Increase in total body potassium concentration
B. Increased gastric emptying
C. Decreased muscle tone
D. Wrinkling and atrophy of the epidermis
E. Increase in peripheral resistance to blood flow
F. Increased formation of autoantibodies - ANSWER A. Decreased muscle tone,
wrinkling in atrophy of the epidermis
E. increase in peripheral resistance to bloodflow
F. increased formation of auto antibodies
What else is it about the skin that protects individuals from injury and disease? -
ANSWER Pathogens can be sloughed off by mechanical means, such as falling off in
, Patho NR 283 exam 1
dead skin cells, coughing or sneezing, vomiting, or flushing from the urinary tract in
urine.
How might the characteristics of skin and the bodily fluids associated with it also help to
protect us from infection? - ANSWER There is a low pH on the skin and stomach that
generally inhibits microorganisms
If inflammation is considered a first responder and may be considered to be a hero, at
least when it is in a controlled state, what heroic acts may be attributed to it? How might
the swelling associated with inflammation actually help with the healing process?
Erythema and warmth at a site of injury typically cause discomfort, but how might one
take solace in the fact that the response is being initiated? - ANSWER It prevents
and/or limits infection and additional damage by initiating the influx of plasma, plasma
proteins, plasma enzymes, and the distribution of leukocytes from the blood vessels to
the injury. It recruits members of the adaptive immunity community to launch a more
specific defense against the pathogens and enhances the healing process.
What causes redness at the site of inflammation? - ANSWER Vasodilation of arterioles
from the histamine triggered by mediators or mast cells but then spasm to stop the
bleeding
What is brought to the injured site when the vasodilation occurs? - ANSWER
Neutrophils, monocytes, oxygen, nutrients to dilute toxins
With vasodilation that dilates the capillaries, what lines the vessels? - ANSWER
Leukocytes
How do the traveling leukocytes (neutrophils and monocytes) arrive at the tissue where
the site of the infection is present? - ANSWER The cell squeeze through the gaps in the
capillary walls to enter at the site of the infection
What does phagocytosis do at the site? - ANSWER Digests the foreign substances
cellular debris
Why is fibrinogen important at the site of injury? - ANSWER Fibrinogen transforms into
fibrin to wall off the injured area, taking the foreign substances to make a mesh to
support blood clotting and healing
When the injury occurs, what stimulates the pain receptors? - ANSWER Prostaglandins
Why does the hypothalamus increase the body temperature? - ANSWER Pyrogens are
released by macrophages when exposed to bacteria
What reaction in the body inhibits bacterial growth and causes the liver and spleen to
remove iron in the body that some bacteria use for growth? - ANSWER fever
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