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BTEC APPLIED SCIENCE: Unit 12D Defence against diseases
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UNIT 12 LEARNING AIMD: UNDERSTAND HOW
THE HUMAN BODY
RESPONDS TO DISEASES
AND INFECTION
MARCH 19, 2022
Elieah Lane
Reyes
, Understand how the human body responds to
diseases and infections.
There are 2 types of Human Defence system which are
Non-specific and Specific immune system.
Non-specific immune response protects us from all the
possible types of pathogens such as virus, fungi,
protozoa, parasite and bacterial. It attacks the pathogen
without considering what specific antigen that are found
on those pathogens.
Non-specific immune system has 3 categories
1. Physical barriers
2. Chemical barriers
3. Phagocytosis
Physical and Chemical barriers are first line of
defence against harmful pathogens
The outer layer of our skin acts as skin barrier (physical
barrier) that protect/defend our body against harmful
pathogens. The pathogens that stick on our surface of
skin, will be killed by the process of desiccation or drying
out on the skin. Peeling of skin may be disadvantage to
people but because of this it's removed the pathogen
attached on your skin.
If there’s a break of the skin such as wounds or cut, it’ll
heal itself. This occurs by the blood will start to clot and
stops the bleeding, once, the clot gets dried it form a
scab in which your immune system will begin to protect
the any cut or wound from the infection. There’s an oleic
acid made by our body containing acidic pH that making
the pathogens difficult to live on the skin.
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