HIUS 341 Final Exam
1912 Presidential Election Correct Answer: Taft (GOP) vs. Wilson (Dem.) vs. Teddy Roosevelt (Progressive)
Wilson wins with a majority of electoral votes and a plurality in the popular vote.
Democrats control all three branches
New Nationalism Correct Answer: 1. The...
TR and the Progressive Party Correct Answer: Third Party campaign developed after nomination given
to Taft
Theodore Roosevelt (Presidential Nominee 1912) Correct Answer: called for a "contact with the people"
Contract with the People Correct Answer: 1. Minimum Wage
2. End of Child Labor
3. Need for insurance to deal with the "hazards of sickness, accident, invalidism, involuntary
unemployment, and old age."
Woodrow Wilson (Democratic Nominee 1912) Correct Answer: Vision of Jeffersonian Democracy
Centrist Candidate
Called for "The New Freedom"
,The New Freedom Correct Answer: Wilson's program of reform in 1912 campaigns
Included lowering tariffs, revising monetary system, and prosecuting the trusts.
Characteristics of American Politics 1913-1940 Correct Answer: 1. Partisan Realignment
2. More conservative GOP wins presidency with Warren Harding
3. GOP dominated the 1920s--holding the presidency and both houses of Congress
4. The onset of the Great Depression undermined GOP association with 1920s prosperity, and by 1933,
the GOP was the minority party
5. Democrat FDR of New York ushered in a Democratic majority that lasted for nearly 20 years.
6. FDR worked to transform the Democratic Party
7. The GOP in the 1930s struggled as the minority party
8. The late 1930s witnessed the emergence of a GOP that was younger and more moderate.
9. Outbreak of WWII created new challenges for GOP over the issue of America's role in the world
Partisan Realignment in the 1910s Correct Answer: Progressive who bolted the GOP in 1912 gravitate
towards Democrats in 1916 and beyond
Reasons for realignment in 1910s Correct Answer: 1. President Woodrow Wilson championed
progressive causes and won over many progressives
2.Former president Teddy Roosevelt turned off many progressive by his pro-war stance following
outbreak of WWI
Warren Harding (Candidate 1920) Correct Answer: Held most of the views associated with
conservatives.
Friendliness and proclivity for compromise made him popular on Capitol Hill across party lines.
The Harding Campaign Correct Answer: Tapped into public dissatisfaction with aftermath of WWI.
Emphasized "America First"
Established excellent PR and ran a front porch campaign
Albert Lasker Correct Answer: Harding's advertising consultant who directed a massive publicity
program
Election fo 1920 Correct Answer: Harding defeats Cox in a landside
, Results of Great Depression Correct Answer: GOP loses House in 1930 midterm
GOP loses Senate and Presidency in 1932
FDR Coalition Correct Answer: White southerners, northeastern liberals, African Americans, labor
unions, and farm interests.
The Transformation of the Democratic Party Correct Answer: A. FDR ushered in a new politics
B. FDR remade the party into a distinctly liberal one
Problems facing GOP in New Deal Era Correct Answer: 1. Not used to being in minority (internally
divided)
2. Unpopularity of Hoover (who didn't withdraw from politics)
3. GOP didn't modify positions to accommodate changing electorate.
Former President Herbert Hoover Correct Answer: Sought to retain control over national party
machinery to attack the highly popular New Deal
Published "The Challenge to Liberty" (1934)
1934 Midterm Elections Correct Answer: GOP lost 19 seats in the House and 10 in the Senate
Opposite of normal trend of non-presidential party gaining ground in the midterm
1936 Election Significance Correct Answer: FDR wins everywhere but Maine and Vermont
Only 17 GOP left in Senate and 89 in House
First time a black majority voted Democratic
Thomas E. Dewey (Republican Nominee for Gov. 1938) Correct Answer: Epitome of New Republican
Advocated for broad consensus for activist government which would remain based on local and
individual policy
1938 Midterm Election Correct Answer: GOP rebounds in wake of FDR's attempt to pack the Court
America First Committee Correct Answer: Formed in 1940 and aimed at keeping USA out of WWI
Critical of FDR--especially in passage of a military draft
Disbanded after Pearl Harbor
America First Principles Correct Answer: 1. US must build an impregnable defense for America
2. No foreign power can successfully attack America
3. American democracy can only be preserved by keeping out of war
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