Exam (elaborations)
PORTAGE LEARNING NURS 231: Pathophysiology 2022 Module 2 Exam
- Course
- Institution
PORTAGE LEARNING NURS 231: Pathophysiology 2022 Module 2 Exam
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
keenstar
Reviews received
Content preview
PORTAGE LEARNINGNURS 231: Pathophysiology 2022
Module 2 Exam
Question 1
pts
True/False:
Blood tests for tumor markers are the single best screening tool for cancer. Why or why not?
Your Answer:
False. Tumor markers, which can be used for establishig prognosis, monitoring treatment and detecting
recurrent disease, have limitiations. Under benign situations, tumor markers can still be elevated.
Whereas in early stages of malignancy, not elevated. They have a lack of specificity and are then limited
in their ability to screen or diagnose accuratley.
False, they are elevated in benign conditions, most are not elevated in the early stages of
malignancy.
Question 2
pts
Tissue biopsy is of critical importance in what role?
Your Answer:
Play a critical role in histologic and cytologic studies for diagnosis of cancers.
Diagnosing the correct cancer and histology.
Question 3
pts
1. List two signs or symptoms a patient may present with that might indicate a cancer diagnosis:
2. What are two side effects commonly experienced by cancer patients?
Your Answer:
1) Bleeding and/or weight loss
2) Anorexia, hair loss
1. Bleeding; sore that doesn’t heal; fluid in the pleural, pericardial, or peritoneal spaces; chest
pain, shortness of breath, cough, abdominal discomfort or swelling. Other possible answers can
include a mass or lump, pain (need to be specific), fatigue, fevers, weight loss
2. Weight loss, wasting of body fat and muscle tissue, weakness, anorexia, and anemia, fatigue,
sleep disturbances
Question 4
pts
Explain the TNM system:
Your Answer:
TNM system is a detailed staging system, created by AJCC, is used by cancer facilites. It classifies
cancers into stages using 3 tumor components; Tumor, Nodes, Metastasis. T is size and spread of the
primary tumor. N is how involved the lymph nodes. M is the extent of metastatic involvement.
Classification:
Tx, T0, Tis, T1-4
Nx, N0, N1-3
Mx, M0, M1
T is the size and local spread of the primary tumor.
N is the involvement of the regional lymph nodes.
M is the extent of the metastatic involvement.
, Question 5
pts
1. When would surgery be appropriate in the treatment of cancer?
2. Most chemotherapeutic drugs cause pancytopenia due to bone marrow suppression. What are the 3
possible adverse outcomes of this?
Your Answer:
1. Surgery can be used if the tumor is solid and small with well-defines margins. Also can be used to treat
oncologic emergencies and be used as prophylactic measures.
2. 3 possible adverse outcomes are neutropenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia.
1. Surgery is often the first treatment for solid tumors. If the tumor is small with well-defined
margins, it can be removed completely. It is also used for oncologic emergencies and prophylactic
surgery in high risk patients.
2.
Neutropenia- risk for infections
Anemia- causing fatigue
Thrombocytopenia- risk for bleeding
Question 6
2..5 pts
True/False:
Cell proliferation is the process in which proliferating cells become more specialized cell types.
True
Correct!
False
False, cell differentiation
Question 7
2..5 pts
True/False:
Cell differentiation is the process of increasing cell numbers by mitotic cell division.
True
Correct!
False
False, cell proliferation
Question 8
2..5 pts
What are two important properties that stem cells possess?
Your Answer:
Stem cells possess self-renewal and potency.
Self renewal means that they can undergo mitotic divisions while maintaining undifferentiated state.
Potency is the differentiation potential of stem cells.
Potency and self-renewal
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller keenstar. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $7.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
72042 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now