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[Show more]anion 
A negatively charged ion. 
 
 
 
atom 
The smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element. 
 
 
 
atomic nucleus 
An atom's central core, containing protons and neutrons. 
 
 
 
atomic number 
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, unique for each element and des...
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A negatively charged ion. 
 
 
 
atom 
The smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element. 
 
 
 
atomic nucleus 
An atom's central core, containing protons and neutrons. 
 
 
 
atomic number 
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, unique for each element and des...
organic compounds 
contain carbon; examples include lipids, proteins, and carbs 
 
 
 
functional groups 
amino (NH2), carbonyl (RCOR), carboxyl (COOH), hydroxyl (OH), phosphate (PO4), sulfhydryl (SH) 
 
 
 
fat 
glycerol and three fatty acids 
 
 
 
saturated fats 
bad for you; animals and some pla...
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contain carbon; examples include lipids, proteins, and carbs 
 
 
 
functional groups 
amino (NH2), carbonyl (RCOR), carboxyl (COOH), hydroxyl (OH), phosphate (PO4), sulfhydryl (SH) 
 
 
 
fat 
glycerol and three fatty acids 
 
 
 
saturated fats 
bad for you; animals and some pla...
polar 
 
Molecule with partial charges. Mixes with water. 
 
 
nonpolar 
 
No partial charges. Do not mix with water. 
 
 
electronegativity 
 
Attraction of an atom for electrons in a covalent bond. 
 
 
cohesion 
 
Water molecules sticking to each other. 
 
 
adhesion 
 
Water molecules sticking t...
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Molecule with partial charges. Mixes with water. 
 
 
nonpolar 
 
No partial charges. Do not mix with water. 
 
 
electronegativity 
 
Attraction of an atom for electrons in a covalent bond. 
 
 
cohesion 
 
Water molecules sticking to each other. 
 
 
adhesion 
 
Water molecules sticking t...
emergent properties 
new properties that emerge with each step upward in the hierarchy of life, owing to the arrangement and interactions of parts as complexity increases 
 
 
 
negative feedback 
a mechanism of response in which a stimulus initiates reactions that reduce the stimulus 
 
 
 
positiv...
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new properties that emerge with each step upward in the hierarchy of life, owing to the arrangement and interactions of parts as complexity increases 
 
 
 
negative feedback 
a mechanism of response in which a stimulus initiates reactions that reduce the stimulus 
 
 
 
positiv...
water 
-polar molecule 
-polar colvalent bonds 
-oxygen end is partial negative and the hydrogens have a partially positive end 
-cohesive 
 
 
 
polar covalent bonds 
-opposite ends of the molecule have opposite charges 
 
 
 
cohesion 
-H bonding between H2O creates it (sticky) 
-allows for the mo...
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-polar molecule 
-polar colvalent bonds 
-oxygen end is partial negative and the hydrogens have a partially positive end 
-cohesive 
 
 
 
polar covalent bonds 
-opposite ends of the molecule have opposite charges 
 
 
 
cohesion 
-H bonding between H2O creates it (sticky) 
-allows for the mo...
ionic bond 
bond resulting from a transfer of electrons 
 
 
 
covalent bond 
bond resulting from the sharing of electrons 
 
 
 
nonpolar 
electrons shared equally 
 
 
 
polar 
electrons shared unequally 
 
 
 
buffer 
substance that resists changes in pH 
 
 
 
bicarbonate ion 
most important buf...
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bond resulting from a transfer of electrons 
 
 
 
covalent bond 
bond resulting from the sharing of electrons 
 
 
 
nonpolar 
electrons shared equally 
 
 
 
polar 
electrons shared unequally 
 
 
 
buffer 
substance that resists changes in pH 
 
 
 
bicarbonate ion 
most important buf...
Cell 
Basic functional unit of all living things 
 
 
 
Cytoplasm 
Consists of specialized bodies (organelles) suspended in a fluid matrix (cytosol) 
 
 
 
Plasma Membrane 
Separates internal metabolic events from the external environment; controls the movement of materials into and out of the cell ...
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Basic functional unit of all living things 
 
 
 
Cytoplasm 
Consists of specialized bodies (organelles) suspended in a fluid matrix (cytosol) 
 
 
 
Plasma Membrane 
Separates internal metabolic events from the external environment; controls the movement of materials into and out of the cell ...
nucleus 
structure: large sphere 
includes: chromatin, nucleolus, nuclear envelope 
function: control center for all cellular activity, contain chromosomes that carry DNA, 
has double membrane 
 
 
 
nucleolus 
structure: sphere within nucleus 
function: location where ribosomes are made, contains R...
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structure: large sphere 
includes: chromatin, nucleolus, nuclear envelope 
function: control center for all cellular activity, contain chromosomes that carry DNA, 
has double membrane 
 
 
 
nucleolus 
structure: sphere within nucleus 
function: location where ribosomes are made, contains R...
2 organelles that contain their own DNA separate from the chromosome 
Mitochondria and chloroplast 
 
 
 
What domains fall under prokaryotic cells? 
Bacteria and archaea 
 
 
 
What are the basic features of all cells? 
Membrane, cytoplasm, chromosomes, ribosomes 
 
 
 
This organelle synthesizes l...
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Mitochondria and chloroplast 
 
 
 
What domains fall under prokaryotic cells? 
Bacteria and archaea 
 
 
 
What are the basic features of all cells? 
Membrane, cytoplasm, chromosomes, ribosomes 
 
 
 
This organelle synthesizes l...
Population 
a group of organisms of the same species populating a given area 
 
 
 
Community 
(ecology) a group of interdependent organisms inhabiting the same region and interacting with each other 
 
 
 
ecosystem 
a system formed by the interaction of a community of organisms with their physical...
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a group of organisms of the same species populating a given area 
 
 
 
Community 
(ecology) a group of interdependent organisms inhabiting the same region and interacting with each other 
 
 
 
ecosystem 
a system formed by the interaction of a community of organisms with their physical...
Selective Permeability 
Allows some substances to cross more easily than others 
 
 
 
Amphipathic 
molecule that has both a hydrophillic region and a hydrophobic region such as a phosopholipid 
 
 
 
phospholipid bilayer 
a double layer of phospholipids that makes up plasma membranes 
 
 
 
Integra...
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Allows some substances to cross more easily than others 
 
 
 
Amphipathic 
molecule that has both a hydrophillic region and a hydrophobic region such as a phosopholipid 
 
 
 
phospholipid bilayer 
a double layer of phospholipids that makes up plasma membranes 
 
 
 
Integra...
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